Bourdon K H, Rae D S, Locke B Z, Narrow W E, Regier D A
Division of Clinical Research, National Institute of Mental Health, Rockville, MD 20857.
Public Health Rep. 1992 Nov-Dec;107(6):663-8.
The National Institute of Mental Health Epidemiologic Catchment Area Survey is a comprehensive, community-based survey of mental disorders and use of services by adults, ages 18 and older. Diagnoses are based on the criteria in the "Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders," third edition, and were obtained in five communities in the United States through lay-interviewer administration of the National Institute of Mental Health Diagnostic Interview Schedule. Results from the survey provide the public health field with data on the prevalence and incidence of specific mental disorders in the community, unbiased by the treatment status of the sample. The population with disorders is estimated, and the survey findings that respond to some of the most common requests for information about the epidemiology of mental disorders in the United States are highlighted briefly. Based on the survey, it is estimated that one of every five persons in the United States suffers from a mental disorder in any 6-month period, and that one of every three persons suffers a disorder in his or her lifetime. Fewer than 20 percent of those with a recent mental disorder seek help for their problem, according to the survey. High rates of comorbid substance abuse and mental disorders were found, particularly among those who had sought treatment for their disorders.
美国国立精神卫生研究所流行病学集水区调查是一项针对18岁及以上成年人的精神障碍及服务利用情况的综合性社区调查。诊断依据《精神障碍诊断与统计手册》第三版的标准，通过美国国立精神卫生研究所诊断访谈表由非专业访谈员在美国五个社区进行调查获取。该调查结果为公共卫生领域提供了社区中特定精神障碍的患病率和发病率数据，不受样本治疗状况的影响。对患有精神障碍的人群进行了估计，并简要强调了该调查结果，这些结果回应了美国关于精神障碍流行病学的一些最常见信息需求。根据该调查估计，在美国每五人中就有一人在任何6个月期间患有精神障碍，每三人中就有一人在其一生中患有精神障碍。调查显示，近期患有精神障碍的人中寻求帮助解决问题的不到20%。发现物质滥用与精神障碍共病的比例很高，尤其是在那些寻求过精神障碍治疗的人群中。
