Domjan M, Akins C, Vandergriff D H
Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin 78712.
Q J Exp Psychol B. 1992 Aug;45(2):139-57. doi: 10.1080/14640749208401014.
Sexual experience increases the response of males to stimuli provided by female conspecifics in a variety of species. The mechanisms of learning involved in this type of phenomenon were explored in two experiments with Japanese quail. The results indicated that instrumental conditioning with copulatory opportunity is not necessary for the acquisition of responding to female cues, and responding is not facilitated by learning about the location of the female. However, the response of males to female stimuli (as well as to arbitrary stimuli associated with access to a female) was enhanced by the presence of sexually conditioned contextual cues. Substantial levels of responding also occurred to female stimuli in a context where the subjects never encountered a female quail before. This latter outcome is consistent with the possibility that stimuli from a female become directly associated with sexual reinforcement during the course of sexual experience. Similar forms of learning may be involved in the effects of sexual experience on the response of mammalian species to female odours.
在多种物种中，性经历会增强雄性对同种雌性提供的刺激的反应。在对日本鹌鹑进行的两项实验中，探究了这类现象所涉及的学习机制。结果表明，对于习得对雌性线索的反应而言，有交配机会的工具性条件作用并非必要条件，且了解雌性的位置并不会促进这种反应。然而，性条件化情境线索的存在增强了雄性对雌性刺激（以及与接近雌性相关的任意刺激）的反应。在一个此前实验对象从未遇到过雌性鹌鹑的情境中，对雌性刺激也出现了相当程度的反应。后一结果与以下可能性相符：在性经历过程中，来自雌性的刺激会直接与性强化建立联系。性经历对哺乳动物物种对雌性气味的反应所产生的影响，可能涉及类似的学习形式。
