Domjan M, O'Vary D, Greene P
Department of Psychology, University of Texas, Austin 78712.
J Exp Anal Behav. 1988 Nov;50(3):505-19. doi: 10.1901/jeab.1988.50-505.
Two different types of stimulus objects, a live female quail artificially adorned with bright orange feathers and an inanimate toy dog, served as conditioned stimuli. For subjects in experimental groups, the conditioned stimuli were presented shortly before access to a sexually receptive normal female quail. For subjects in control groups, exposure to the conditioned stimuli was unpaired with copulatory opportunity. Subjects in the experimental but not in the control groups quickly came to approach the location of the conditioned stimulus objects. When an adorned female quail served as the conditioned stimulus, the conditioned approach behavior was controlled by a combination of the presence of the orange adornments and the visual cues of the head and neck of the female bird, and the approach behavior persisted as the adorned female moved to new locations. When the toy dog served as the conditioned stimulus, the conditioned approach behavior was limited to the spatial cues that surrounded the toy dog during conditioning trials. Although both types of stimulus objects evoked conditioned approach behavior, only the adorned female stimulus supported copulatory behavior. This last finding indicates that copulatory behavior can become redirected toward novel stimuli as a result of conditioning, but only under special circumstances. The results are consistent with the suggestion that appetitive components of reproductive behavior are more susceptible to conditioning than consummatory components. Possible reasons for this are discussed, together with implications of the results for the contribution of conditioning processes to sexual selection.
两种不同类型的刺激物，一只人工装饰有亮橙色羽毛的活雌性鹌鹑和一个无生命的玩具狗，用作条件刺激物。对于实验组的受试者，在接触性接受正常雌性鹌鹑之前不久呈现条件刺激物。对于对照组的受试者，接触条件刺激物与交配机会无关。实验组而非对照组的受试者很快开始接近条件刺激物的位置。当一只装饰过的雌性鹌鹑作为条件刺激物时，条件接近行为受橙色装饰以及雌鸟头部和颈部视觉线索的共同控制，并且随着装饰过的雌性鹌鹑移动到新位置，接近行为持续存在。当玩具狗作为条件刺激物时，条件接近行为仅限于条件试验期间围绕玩具狗的空间线索。虽然两种类型的刺激物都引发了条件接近行为，但只有装饰过的雌性刺激物支持交配行为。这最后一个发现表明，交配行为可以通过条件作用转向新的刺激物，但仅在特殊情况下。这些结果与以下观点一致，即生殖行为的欲求成分比完成成分更容易受到条件作用的影响。文中讨论了可能的原因，以及这些结果对条件作用过程在性选择中的作用的影响。
