Dunnett M, Harris R C, Sewell D A
Department of Physiology, Animal Health Trust, Newmarket, Suffolk, UK.
Scand J Clin Lab Invest. 1992 Nov;52(7):725-30. doi: 10.3109/00365519209115518.
Taurine (TAU) is found in large but variable amounts in the skeletal muscles of many species. It has been reported that slow twitch muscles in the rat exhibit higher TAU levels than fast twitch muscles. Variation in muscle taurine content may be attributable to differences in the fibre type composition of different muscles. TAU content (mmol kg-1 dry muscle) and percentage type-1, type-2A, and type-2B fibre section area (f.s.a.) were measured in muscle samples taken from up to six sites in the middle gluteal muscle of four horses and one pony at post mortem and in biopsy samples taken from twenty Thoroughbred horses in race training. TAU was positively correlated to type-1 f.s.a. (r = 0.94, p < 0.001) in both post mortem samples and biopsies from horses in race-training. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to estimate the TAU content of individual fibre types when present at 100%. TAU is almost exclusively localized in type-1 fibres. The TAU content of type-1 and type-2A fibres was estimated to be 45.4 mmol kg-1 d.m. and 4.5 mmol kg-1 d.m. respectively in the post mortem horses, and 32.4 mmol kg-1 d.m. and 7.9 mmol kg-1 d.m. respectively in the horses in training. TAU was estimated to be absent from type-2B fibres in both horse groups.
牛磺酸（TAU）在许多物种的骨骼肌中含量丰富，但各不相同。据报道，大鼠的慢肌中TAU水平高于快肌。肌肉中牛磺酸含量的差异可能归因于不同肌肉纤维类型组成的差异。在四匹马和一匹矮种马死后，从臀中肌多达六个部位采集的肌肉样本以及从二十匹参加赛马训练的纯种马身上采集的活检样本中，测量了TAU含量（mmol/kg干肌肉）以及1型、2A型和2B型纤维的横截面积百分比（f.s.a.）。在死后样本和参加赛马训练的马匹的活检样本中，TAU与1型f.s.a.呈正相关（r = 0.94，p < 0.001）。当各纤维类型占比为100%时，采用多元线性回归分析来估计其TAU含量。TAU几乎完全定位于1型纤维中。在死后的马匹中，1型和2A型纤维的TAU含量估计分别为45.4 mmol/kg干重和4.5 mmol/kg干重，在训练中的马匹中分别为32.4 mmol/kg干重和7.9 mmol/kg干重。在两组马中，估计2B型纤维中不存在TAU。
