Booth Lynn, Palasz Fil, Darling Colin, Lanno Roman, Wickstrom Mark
Centre for Environmental Toxicology, Landcare Research, P.O. Box 69, Lincoln, Canterbury, New Zealand.
Environ Toxicol Chem. 2003 Oct;22(10):2446-53. doi: 10.1897/02-582.
The sublethal effects of lead (Pb) on the earthworm Eisenia fetida were evaluated in the laboratory using freshly spiked soil and soil collected from Canadian prairie skeet ranges. After a four-week exposure to soil spiked with lead acetate, earthworm neutral red retention time (NRRT). soil Pb concentrations, and earthworm Pb body burdens were measured. Lysosomal NRRT was reduced in a concentration-dependent manner (p < 0.0001), and NRRT was negatively correlated with earthworm Pb body burdens (r = -0.80, p < 0.0001). To evaluate the effects of aged Pb, earthworms were exposed to soil from three skeet ranges, and responses were compared with three matched reference sites. After a four-week exposure, NRRT, growth, fecundity, soil total Pb levels, and earthworm Pb body burdens were measured. The potentially bioavailable fraction of Pb in these sites was measured using a Ca(NO3)2 extraction. Growth and fecundity did not differ significantly between any of the skeet ranges and their reference sites. However, NRRT was significantly reduced in all three ranges compared with their respective reference sites (p < 0.05), indicating that the neutral red retention assay (NRRA) may be useful for detecting toxicity and potential hazards at Pb-contaminated sites. Lysosomal NRRT was negatively correlated with soil Ca(NO3)2-extractable Pb (r = -0.80, p < 0.0001) and soil total Pb (r = -0.73, p = 0.001). Lysosomal NRRT was negatively correlated (r = -0.67, p < 0.002) with earthworm Pb tissue levels.
在实验室中，使用新添加铅的土壤和从加拿大大草原飞碟射击场采集的土壤，评估了铅（Pb）对蚯蚓赤子爱胜蚓的亚致死效应。在暴露于添加醋酸铅的土壤四周后，测量了蚯蚓的中性红保留时间（NRRT）、土壤铅浓度和蚯蚓体内铅含量。溶酶体NRRT以浓度依赖的方式降低（p < 0.0001），并且NRRT与蚯蚓体内铅含量呈负相关（r = -0.80，p < 0.0001）。为了评估老化铅的影响，将蚯蚓暴露于三个飞碟射击场的土壤中，并将反应与三个匹配的参考地点进行比较。暴露四周后，测量了NRRT、生长、繁殖力、土壤总铅水平和蚯蚓体内铅含量。使用Ca(NO3)2萃取法测量了这些地点铅的潜在生物可利用部分。任何一个飞碟射击场与其参考地点之间的生长和繁殖力均无显著差异。然而，与各自的参考地点相比，所有三个射击场的NRRT均显著降低（p < 0.05），这表明中性红保留试验（NRRA）可能有助于检测铅污染场地的毒性和潜在危害。溶酶体NRRT与土壤Ca(NO3)2可萃取铅（r = -0.80，p < 0.0001）和土壤总铅（r = -0.73，p = 0.001）呈负相关。溶酶体NRRT与蚯蚓体内铅组织水平呈负相关（r = -0.67，p < 0.002）。
