Apple D J, Solomon K D, Tetz M R, Assia E I, Holland E Y, Legler U F, Tsai J C, Castaneda V E, Hoggatt J P, Kostick A M
Department of Ophthalmology, Storm Eye Institute, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston.
Surv Ophthalmol. 1992 Sep-Oct;37(2):73-116. doi: 10.1016/0039-6257(92)90073-3.
A complication of extracapsular cataract extraction with or without posterior chamber intraocular lens (PC-IOL) implantation is posterior capsule opacification. This condition is usually secondary to a proliferation and migration of residual lens epithelial cells. Opacification may be reduced by atraumatic surgery and thorough cortical clean-up. Clinical, pathological and experimental studies have shown that use of hydrodissection, the continuous curvilinear capsulorhexis and specific IOL designs may help reduce the incidence of this complication. Capsular-fixated, one-piece all-polymethylmethacrylate PC-IOLs with a C-shaped loop configuration and a posterior convexity of the optic are effective. Polymethylmethacrylate loops that retain "memory" create a symmetric, radial stretch on the posterior capsule after in-the-bag placement, leading to a more complete contact between the posterior surface of the IOL optic and the taut capsule. This may help form a barrier against central migration of epithelial cells into the visual axis. Various pharmacological and immunological methods are being investigated but conclusive data on these modalities are not yet available.
无论有无后房型人工晶状体（PC-IOL）植入，囊外白内障摘除术的一个并发症都是后囊膜混浊。这种情况通常继发于残留晶状体上皮细胞的增殖和迁移。通过无创伤手术和彻底清除皮质可减少混浊。临床、病理和实验研究表明，使用水分离、连续环形撕囊和特定的人工晶状体设计可能有助于降低这种并发症的发生率。具有C形袢结构和光学部后凸的囊袋固定一体式全聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯PC-IOL是有效的。保留“记忆”的聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯袢在囊袋内植入后会在后囊膜上产生对称的径向拉伸，使人工晶状体光学部后表面与拉紧的囊膜之间形成更完全的接触。这可能有助于形成一道屏障，防止上皮细胞向视轴中央迁移。正在研究各种药理学和免疫学方法，但关于这些方法的确切数据尚未可得。
