Béquet Daniel, Taillia Hervé, Clervoy Patrick, Renard Jean-Luc, Flocard Frédéric
Service de neurologie, HIA du Val de Grâce, 74 Boulevard de Port Royal-75005 Paris.
Bull Acad Natl Med. 2003;187(4):683-94; discussion 695-7.
Neuropsychological investigations have demonstrated that cognitive disorders are common (about 60%) in patients with multiple sclerosis. 22 patients and 22 controls participated in the study with a review of literature. The cognitive dysfunction may be termed a subcortical white matter dementia. The hallmarks are: forgetfulness, reduced speed of information processing, impaired attention and slowness of thought processes, impaired ability to manipulate acquired knowledge. Psychiatric disturbance have also high prevalence: emotional or personality changes, depression. Pathological laughing and crying are classical but not well understood. This intellectual and emotional changes in multiple sclerosis are studied by adapted psychometric psychiatric examination. Correlation of magnetic resonance imaging with neuropsychological testing is now demonstrated. Total lesion score is the best predictor of cognitive deficits, cerebral atrophy and lesions of the corpus collosium also. Neuropsychological rehabilitation techniques and symptomatic treatments must be applied to patients with multiple sclerosis.
神经心理学研究表明，认知障碍在多发性硬化症患者中很常见（约60%）。22名患者和22名对照参与了这项文献综述研究。认知功能障碍可被称为皮质下白质痴呆。其特征包括：健忘、信息处理速度降低、注意力受损、思维过程迟缓、运用所学知识的能力受损。精神障碍的患病率也很高：情绪或性格变化、抑郁。病理性哭笑很典型，但尚不清楚其机制。通过适应性心理测量学精神检查来研究多发性硬化症中的这种智力和情绪变化。现已证明磁共振成像与神经心理学测试之间存在相关性。总病变评分是认知缺陷、脑萎缩和胼胝体病变的最佳预测指标。必须对多发性硬化症患者应用神经心理学康复技术和对症治疗。
