Frankham Richard
Key Centre for Biodiversity and Bioresources, Department of Biological Sciences, Macquarie University, NSW 2109, Australia.
C R Biol. 2003 Aug;326 Suppl 1:S22-9. doi: 10.1016/s1631-0691(03)00023-4.
Conservation genetics encompasses genetic management of small populations, resolution of taxonomic uncertainties and management units, and the use of molecular genetic analyses in forensics and to understanding species' biology. The role of genetic factors in extinctions of wild populations has been controversial, but evidence now shows that they make important contributions to extinction risk. Inbreeding has been shown to cause extinctions of wild populations, computer projections indicate that inbreeding depression has important effects on extinction risk, and most threatened species show signs of genetic deterioration. Inappropriate management is likely to result if genetic factors are ignored in threatened species management.
保护遗传学包括对小种群的遗传管理、解决分类学上的不确定性和管理单元问题，以及在法医学中使用分子遗传分析并用于理解物种生物学。遗传因素在野生种群灭绝中的作用一直存在争议，但现在有证据表明它们对灭绝风险有重要影响。近亲繁殖已被证明会导致野生种群灭绝，计算机预测表明近亲繁殖衰退对灭绝风险有重要影响，而且大多数濒危物种都显示出遗传退化的迹象。如果在濒危物种管理中忽视遗传因素，可能会导致不适当的管理。
