Kaufman Matthew H
Section of Anatomy, Division of Biomedical and Clinical Laboratory Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Hugh Robson Building, George Square, Edinburgh EH8 9XD, UK.
J Med Biogr. 2003 Nov;11(4):199-205. doi: 10.1177/096777200301100406.
John Aitken attended the University of Edinburgh between 1763 and 1769 but did not graduate MD. He gained the membership (i.e. fellowship) of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1770, and was for two sessions Senior President of the Royal Medical Society. Between 1771 and 1790 he published numerous books and pamphlets on surgery, medicine, midwifery, anatomy and physiology. As a surgeon at the Royal Infirmary, from 1779, he lectured on most subjects in the medical curriculum. John Struthers was particularly scathing of Aitken's scholarship, and this article attempts to restore Aitken's reputation as a scholar and probably one of the first of the extra-academical lecturers, who taught both anatomy and surgery in Edinburgh from 1779 until his death in 1790.
约翰·艾特肯于1763年至1769年间就读于爱丁堡大学，但未获得医学博士学位。1770年，他成为爱丁堡皇家外科医学院的成员（即研究员），并在两个学期中担任皇家医学会的高级会长。1771年至1790年间，他出版了大量关于外科、医学、助产术、解剖学和生理学的书籍和小册子。从1779年起，作为皇家医院的一名外科医生，他讲授医学课程中的大多数科目。约翰·斯特拉瑟斯对艾特肯的学术水平尤为严厉批评，而本文试图恢复艾特肯作为一名学者的声誉，他可能是最早的校外讲师之一，从1779年至1790年在爱丁堡讲授解剖学和外科手术，直至去世。
