Moilanen P, Nicholson P H F, Kärkkäinen T, Wang Q, Timonen J, Cheng S
Department of Physics, University of Jyväskylä, P.O. Box 35 (YFL), 40014, Jyväskylä, Finland.
Osteoporos Int. 2003 Dec;14(12):1020-7. doi: 10.1007/s00198-003-1528-7. Epub 2003 Oct 15.
The purpose of this study was to compare low frequency ultrasonic guided wave measurements with established ultrasound and bone density measurements in terms of their ability to characterize the tibia in pubertal girls. Subjects were 12-14-year-old girls ( n=106) who were participating in a calcium and vitamin D intervention study. A prototype low frequency pulse transmission device consisting of a uniaxial scanning mechanism and low frequency transducers orientated perpendicularly to the limb was used to measure two ultrasound velocities in the tibia. The first velocity, V1, was that of the first arriving signal, similar to that measured by existing commercial tibial ultrasound devices. The second velocity, V2, was that of a slower wave propagating at 1,500-2,000 m/s, which has been shown elsewhere to be consistent with the lowest order antisymmetric guided mode in the bone. In addition, commercial ultrasound devices (Omnisense, Sunlight Ltd.; QUS-2, Quidel Corp.) were used to measure the speed of sound (SOS) in the tibia and the radius and attenuation (BUA) in the calcaneus. Cortical bone cross-sectional area (CSA), mineral density (BMD) and cortical thickness (cTh) of the tibia were measured using pQCT, site-matched to the ultrasound measurements. Both V1 and V2 correlated significantly with cortical BMD and with cTh and CSA. On the other hand, tibial SOS correlated with BMD, but not with cTh and CSA. These results indicate that the prototype device using guided waves captures aspects of tibial cortical bone geometry in addition to bone density, thereby potentially offering increased diagnostic information compared to existing tibial ultrasound devices.
本研究的目的是比较低频超声导波测量与已有的超声及骨密度测量在表征青春期女孩胫骨方面的能力。研究对象为12至14岁参与钙和维生素D干预研究的女孩（n = 106）。使用由单轴扫描机制和垂直于肢体定向的低频换能器组成的原型低频脉冲传输装置测量胫骨中的两种超声速度。第一种速度V1是首个到达信号的速度，类似于现有商用胫骨超声设备所测量的速度。第二种速度V2是传播速度为1500至2000米/秒的较慢波的速度，在其他地方已表明其与骨中最低阶反对称导模一致。此外，使用商用超声设备（Omnisense，阳光有限公司；QUS - 2，Quidel公司）测量胫骨和桡骨中的声速（SOS）以及跟骨中的衰减（BUA）。使用pQCT测量胫骨的皮质骨横截面积（CSA）、矿物质密度（BMD）和皮质厚度（cTh），测量部位与超声测量部位匹配。V1和V2均与皮质骨BMD、cTh和CSA显著相关。另一方面，胫骨SOS与BMD相关，但与cTh和CSA无关。这些结果表明，使用导波的原型设备除了能测量骨密度外，还能获取胫骨皮质骨几何结构的相关信息，因此与现有的胫骨超声设备相比，可能提供更多的诊断信息。
