Dakic Aleksandar, Wu Li
The Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research, 1G, Royal Parade, Parkville, Vic. 3050, Australia.
Leuk Lymphoma. 2003 Sep;44(9):1469-75. doi: 10.3109/10428190309178766.
The antigen presenting dendritic cells (DCs) are bone marrow (BM) derived cells. Despite their common functions of antigen-processing and T-lymphocyte activation, DCs are diverse in surface markers, migratory patterns and cytokine output. These differences can determine the fate of the T cells they activate. Several subsets of mature DCs have been described in both mouse and human, but tracing the origin of these specialised DC subsets has not been a trivial task. The original concept that all DCs were of myeloid origin was questioned by several recent studies, which demonstrated that in addition to the DCs derived from conventional myeloid precursors, some DCs could also be efficiently generated from lymphoid-restricted precursors. Moreover, it has been shown that both myeloid-restricted and lymphoid-restricted precursors were able to generate DC subsets with similar surface phenotype. These observations demonstrate the existence of both myeloid- and lymphoid-derived DC lineages and suggest an early developmental flexibility of DC precursors. The downstream points where the DC sub-lineages branch off from the conventional myeloid and lymphoid precursors, and the cytokines and environmental factors required for inducing their specialised functions are yet to be determined.
抗原呈递树突状细胞（DCs）是源自骨髓（BM）的细胞。尽管DCs具有共同的抗原处理和T淋巴细胞激活功能，但它们在表面标志物、迁移模式和细胞因子输出方面存在差异。这些差异可以决定它们激活的T细胞的命运。在小鼠和人类中都描述了几种成熟DC的亚群，但追踪这些特殊DC亚群的起源并非易事。最近的几项研究对所有DC都起源于髓系的最初概念提出了质疑，这些研究表明，除了源自传统髓系前体的DC外，一些DC也可以从淋巴系限制前体高效产生。此外，研究表明，髓系限制和淋巴系限制前体都能够产生具有相似表面表型的DC亚群。这些观察结果证明了髓系和淋巴系来源的DC谱系的存在，并表明DC前体具有早期发育灵活性。DC亚谱系从传统髓系和淋巴系前体分支的下游节点，以及诱导其特殊功能所需的细胞因子和环境因素尚未确定。
