Mayack David T, Martin Tim
New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Hale Creek Field Station, 182 Steele Ave. Ext., Gloversville, New York 12078, USA.
J Wildl Dis. 2003 Jul;39(3):627-37. doi: 10.7589/0090-3558-39.3.627.
We determined age-dependent changes in plasma and brain cholinesterase (ChE) activity for two species of passerines: house wren (Troglodytes aedon) and European starling (Sturnus vulgaris, starling). In plasma from nestlings of both species, total ChE activity increased with age, acetycholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) activity declined rapidly immediately after hatching, and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE, EC 3.1.1.8) activity increased steadily. For both species, total ChE and BChE activities and the BChE:AChE ratio in plasma were significantly greater in adults than nestlings suggesting trends observed in nestlings continue post fledging. In older nestlings and adults, AChE activity in plasma was significantly greater and BChE:AChE ratio less in house wrens than starlings. For house wrens as compared with starlings, ChE activity in brain increased at a significantly greater rate with age in nestlings and was significantly greater in adults. However, ChE activity in brain was similar at fledging for both species suggesting that the increase in ChE in brain is more directly related to ontogeny than chronologic age in nestlings of passerines. For both species, ChE activity increased significantly with brain weight of nestlings but not adults. House wrens hold similar patterns of age-dependent change in ChE activity in common with starlings but also exhibit differences in AChE activity in plasma that should be considered as a factor potentially affecting their relative toxicologic response to ChE inhibitors.
我们测定了两种雀形目鸟类（家鹪鹩（Troglodytes aedon）和欧洲椋鸟（Sturnus vulgaris，椋鸟））血浆和脑胆碱酯酶（ChE）活性随年龄的变化。在这两种鸟类雏鸟的血浆中，总ChE活性随年龄增加，乙酰胆碱酯酶（AChE，EC 3.1.1.7）活性在孵化后立即迅速下降，而丁酰胆碱酯酶（BChE，EC 3.1.1.8）活性稳步增加。对于这两个物种，成年鸟血浆中的总ChE和BChE活性以及BChE:AChE比值均显著高于雏鸟，这表明在雏鸟中观察到的趋势在 fledging 后仍持续。在较大的雏鸟和成年鸟中，家鹪鹩血浆中的AChE活性显著高于椋鸟，但BChE:AChE比值低于椋鸟。与椋鸟相比，家鹪鹩雏鸟脑内ChE活性随年龄增长的速率显著更高，成年时也显著更高。然而，两种鸟类 fledging 时脑内ChE活性相似，这表明雀形目雏鸟脑内ChE的增加与个体发育的关系比与 chronological age 的关系更直接。对于这两个物种，雏鸟脑内ChE活性随脑重显著增加，但成年鸟则不然。家鹪鹩与椋鸟在ChE活性随年龄变化的模式上有相似之处，但在血浆AChE活性上也存在差异，这应被视为可能影响它们对ChE抑制剂相对毒理学反应的一个因素。
