Daanen H A, Van de Linde F J
TNO-Institute for Perception, Department of Thermal Physiology, Soesterberg, The Netherlands.
Aviat Space Environ Med. 1992 Dec;63(12):1070-6.
Four noninvasive rewarming techniques for mildly hypothermic subjects were compared. Seven subjects were cooled in a water bath of 15 degrees C for 2 h to an average esophageal temperature (Tes) of 36 degrees C. Thereafter, the subjects were rewarmed by immersion of the body in a water bath of 42 degrees C (Method 1), the body but not the extremities in water of 42 degrees C (Method 2), only the extremities in water of 42 degrees C (Method 3), or spontaneous rewarming in blankets (Method 4). Method 1 showed the highest rewarming rate in Tes (10.1 degrees C/h) and an afterdrop in Tes of 0.18 degrees C. Method 2 showed the same afterdrop, but a lower rewarming rate (7.5 degrees C/h). In Method 3, the heat uptake of the extremities was too low to rewarm the subjects effectively. The afterdrop and rewarming rate were 0.38 degrees C and 0.8 degrees C/h, respectively. Method 4 had the lowest rewarming rate (0.2 degrees C/h), and an afterdrop (0.14 degrees C) which was not significantly lower than that of Method 1 or 2. Therefore, Method 1 is recommended for rewarming mild hypothermic subjects because of its high rewarming rate and small afterdrop.
对四种用于轻度低温受试者的非侵入性复温技术进行了比较。七名受试者在15摄氏度的水浴中冷却2小时，使平均食管温度（Tes）达到36摄氏度。此后，受试者通过将身体浸入42摄氏度的水浴中进行复温（方法1），将身体但不包括四肢浸入42摄氏度的水中进行复温（方法2），仅将四肢浸入42摄氏度的水中进行复温（方法3），或在毛毯中自然复温（方法4）。方法1在Tes方面显示出最高的复温速率（10.1摄氏度/小时），且Tes的体温后降为0.18摄氏度。方法2显示出相同的体温后降，但复温速率较低（7.5摄氏度/小时）。在方法3中，四肢的热量吸收过低，无法有效地使受试者复温。体温后降和复温速率分别为0.38摄氏度和0.8摄氏度/小时。方法4的复温速率最低（0.2摄氏度/小时），且体温后降（0.14摄氏度）并不显著低于方法1或2。因此，由于方法1的复温速率高且体温后降小，推荐用于轻度低温受试者的复温。
