[巴西公立学校青少年的避孕措施使用情况]

[Contraceptive use among adolescents at public schools in Brazil].

作者信息

de Almeida Maria da Conceição Chagas, de Aquino Estela Maria Leão, Gaffikin Lynne, Magnani Robert J

机构信息

Programa de Estudos em Gênero e Saúde, Instituto de Saúde Coletiva, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brasil.

出版信息

Rev Saude Publica. 2003 Oct;37(5):566-75. doi: 10.1590/s0034-89102003000500004. Epub 2003 Oct 9.

DOI:10.1590/s0034-89102003000500004

PMID:14569331

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

There has been a growing interest in patterns of contraceptive use among adolescents, due, in particular, to the social relevance attached to pregnancy in this age group. Therefore, the objective of the study was to investigate factors associated with the use of contraceptive methods among female and male adolescent students.

METHOD

A cross-sectional study was conducted, by means of self-applied questionnaires, among 4,774 students ranging from 11 to 19 years of age. Prevalence with respect to the use of contraceptive methods during the first experience of sexual intercourse as well as the most recent one was calculated both separately, that is, for each of these events, and in conjunction as a measure of consistent use. Logistic regression was carried out for simultaneous analysis of factors associated with the use of contraceptive methods and in order to calculate adjusted measures.

RESULTS

Among the 1,664 students who reported being sexually active, the factors positively associated with the consistent use of contraceptive methods among male students included a) postponing their first experience of sexual intercourse and interaction with a stable partner, b) the family as a potential supplier of contraceptive methods, and c) access to health services. On the other hand, among female students factors positively associated with the consistent use of contraceptive methods included a) recent sexual initiation, and b) having a father as their source of information regarding sexuality, contraception and STD/AIDS prevention. Pregnancy was reported by 6.4% of the boys and 18.1% of the girls, its absence was associated with the consistent use of contraceptives by them (the girls) (Odds Ratio=3.83; 2.06-7.15).

CONCLUSIONS

The results confirm the complexity of determining contraceptive behavior among adolescents and therefore reinforce the need to include multi-dimensional aspects of this theme in order to ensure the efficacy of sex education programs.

摘要

目的

尤其是由于该年龄组怀孕所具有的社会影响，青少年中避孕方法使用模式越来越受到关注。因此，本研究的目的是调查与青少年男女学生使用避孕方法相关的因素。

方法

通过自填问卷对4774名年龄在11至19岁之间的学生进行了横断面研究。分别计算了首次性交以及最近一次性交时避孕方法的使用情况，即针对这两个事件中的每一个单独计算，同时也将二者结合起来作为持续使用的一种衡量指标。进行了逻辑回归分析，以便同时分析与使用避孕方法相关的因素，并计算调整后的指标。

结果

在报告有性行为的1664名学生中，与男学生持续使用避孕方法呈正相关的因素包括：a）推迟首次性交以及与稳定伴侣的交往；b）家庭作为避孕方法的潜在供应者；c）获得医疗服务。另一方面，与女学生持续使用避孕方法呈正相关的因素包括：a）近期开始性行为；b）将父亲作为其性、避孕及性传播感染/艾滋病预防信息的来源。报告有怀孕情况的男生占6.4%，女生占18.1%，女生未怀孕与她们持续使用避孕药具相关（比值比=3.83；2.06 - 7.15）。