Jejurikar S S, Kuzon W M
Department of Surgery, University of Michigan Health Systems, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Apoptosis. 2003 Dec;8(6):573-8. doi: 10.1023/A:1026127307457.
Adult skeletal muscle has the striking ability to repair and regenerate itself after injury. This would not be possible without satellite cells, a subpopulation of cells existing at the margin of the myofiber. Under most conditions, satellite cells are quiescent, but they are activated in response to trauma, enabling them to guide skeletal muscle regeneration. In degenerative skeletal muscle states, including motor nerve denervation, advanced age, atrophy secondary to deconditioning or immobilization, and Duchenne muscular dystrophy, satellite cell numbers and proliferative potential significantly decrease, contributing to a diminution of skeletal muscle's regenerative capacity and contractility. This review will highlight the fate of satellite cells in several degenerative conditions involving skeletal muscle, and will attempt to gauge the relative contributions of apoptosis, senescence, impaired proliferative potential, and host factors to satellite cell dysfunction.
成年骨骼肌在损伤后具有显著的自我修复和再生能力。如果没有卫星细胞，这是不可能实现的，卫星细胞是存在于肌纤维边缘的一类细胞亚群。在大多数情况下，卫星细胞处于静止状态，但它们会因创伤而被激活，从而能够引导骨骼肌再生。在退行性骨骼肌状态下，包括运动神经去神经支配、高龄、因失用或固定导致的萎缩以及杜氏肌营养不良症，卫星细胞数量和增殖潜能会显著减少，导致骨骼肌再生能力和收缩力下降。本综述将重点介绍卫星细胞在几种涉及骨骼肌的退行性疾病中的命运，并试图评估细胞凋亡、衰老、增殖潜能受损以及宿主因素对卫星细胞功能障碍的相对影响。
