Uzark K C, Sauer S N, Lawrence K S, Miller J, Addonizio L, Crowley D C
C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor.
J Heart Lung Transplant. 1992 Nov-Dec;11(6):1160-7.
Children with terminal heart disease experience a dramatic improvement in functional status after heart transplantation but may be at increased risk for problems in psychosocial adaptation. Selected psychosocial outcomes were assessed in 49 pediatric heart transplant recipients and their families from five heart transplantation centers. Heart transplant recipients did not appear significantly different from their peers on self-report measures of self-concept and anxiety, but they showed significantly less social competence and more behavior problems than a normative population. Behavior problems observed were most frequently suggestive of depression and were significantly associated with greater family stress and diminished family resources for managing stress. The study findings further suggest that the heart transplant recipients' ability to verbalize or ventilate their feelings and concerns to others seems to facilitate psychosocial adaptation. Assessment of stress, resources, and coping is imperative to enable health professionals to promote the psychosocial adaptation of pediatric heart transplant recipients and their families.
患有晚期心脏病的儿童在心脏移植后功能状态会有显著改善，但心理社会适应方面出现问题的风险可能会增加。对来自五个心脏移植中心的49名儿童心脏移植受者及其家庭的特定心理社会结果进行了评估。在自我概念和焦虑的自我报告测量方面，心脏移植受者与同龄人没有显著差异，但与正常人群相比，他们表现出明显较低的社交能力和较多的行为问题。观察到的行为问题最常提示抑郁，并且与更大的家庭压力和管理压力的家庭资源减少显著相关。研究结果进一步表明，心脏移植受者向他人表达或倾诉自己的感受和担忧的能力似乎有助于心理社会适应。评估压力、资源和应对方式对于使健康专业人员能够促进儿童心脏移植受者及其家庭的心理社会适应至关重要。
