Kawai Naoki, Ikematsu Hideyuki, Iwaki Norio, Satoh Ietaka, Kawashima Takashi, Tsuchimoto Taizo, Kashiwagi Seizaburo
Japan Physicians Association, Tokyo Medical Association Building 3F, 2-5 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku 101-0062, Tokyo, Japan.
Vaccine. 2003 Nov 7;21(31):4507-13. doi: 10.1016/s0264-410x(03)00508-5.
The effectiveness of the influenza vaccine used in the 2001-2002 influenza season in Japan was investigated in a large-scale, geographically widely distributed, Internet-based study. Data were collected from 8841 of 9902 subjects registered by 38 clinics prior to the start of influenza season. Subjects were categorized into three groups by vaccination regimen: unvaccinated, vaccinated once, and vaccinated twice. Efficacy was also analyzed for three age groups: 0-15, 16-64, and 65-104 years. Influenza-like illness (ILI) was diagnosed according to Ministry of Health (MWH, Labor and Welfare in Japan) criteria. Laboratory-confirmed influenza cases were analyzed separately. The respective vaccine efficacy in the 0-15 years group for the one- and two-dose regimens was 67.6 and 84.5% for ILI and 54.0 and 79.8% for laboratory-confirmed influenza. Influenza vaccination was also shown to be effective in subjects 16-64 years. Vaccine effectiveness was not able to be determined for the over 65 years group, probably due to an insufficient number of infected patients. These results suggest that influenza vaccination is effective for children and adults and that a two-dose regimen is superior to a single dose in children 0-15 years.
在一项大规模、地域分布广泛的基于互联网的研究中，对日本2001 - 2002流感季节使用的流感疫苗的有效性进行了调查。在流感季节开始前，从38家诊所登记的9902名受试者中的8841名收集了数据。受试者按疫苗接种方案分为三组：未接种、接种一次和接种两次。还对三个年龄组进行了有效性分析：0 - 15岁、16 - 64岁和65 - 104岁。根据日本厚生劳动省的标准诊断流感样疾病（ILI）。对实验室确诊的流感病例进行单独分析。对于0 - 15岁年龄组，单剂量和双剂量方案预防ILI的疫苗效力分别为67.6%和84.5%，预防实验室确诊流感的效力分别为54.0%和79.8%。流感疫苗在16 - 64岁的受试者中也显示出有效性。65岁以上年龄组的疫苗效力无法确定，可能是由于感染患者数量不足。这些结果表明，流感疫苗对儿童和成人有效，并且对于0 - 15岁的儿童，两剂接种方案优于单剂接种方案。
