Hrkal Z
Department of Cellular Biochemistry, Institute of Haematology and Blood Transfusion, U Nemocnice 1, 128 20 Prague 2 Czech Republic.
Sb Lek. 2003;104(2):217-22.
Proteomics, the global comprehensive analysis of cellular proteins, will contribute to our understanding of gene function in the post-genomic era. The strategies of proteome analysis include the protein expression proteomics dealing with the comparison of cellular or tissue protein levels in the control and affected state (e.g. in the disease) and cell mapping proteomics aimed to define protein-protein interactions that constitute intracellular signalling network. The currently used methods of proteome analysis represent two-dimensional gel electrophoresis for protein separation, the image analysis means for protein maps comparison and the mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF, MALDI-ESI) and bioinformatics means (sequence databases) for protein identification. For the protein interaction studies the yeast two-hybrid system is mostly employed. New concepts of disease diagnosis and treatment as well as new drugs design can be envisioned from the proteomic analysis.
蛋白质组学，即对细胞蛋白质进行全面综合分析，将有助于我们在后基因组时代理解基因功能。蛋白质组分析策略包括蛋白质表达蛋白质组学，用于比较对照状态和受影响状态（如疾病状态）下细胞或组织的蛋白质水平，以及细胞图谱蛋白质组学，旨在确定构成细胞内信号网络的蛋白质-蛋白质相互作用。目前使用的蛋白质组分析方法包括用于蛋白质分离的二维凝胶电泳、用于比较蛋白质图谱的图像分析手段，以及用于蛋白质鉴定的质谱分析法（基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱、基质辅助激光解吸电离电喷雾电离质谱）和生物信息学手段（序列数据库）。对于蛋白质相互作用研究，大多采用酵母双杂交系统。从蛋白质组分析中可以设想出疾病诊断和治疗的新概念以及新药设计。
