Small Rhonda, Lumley Judith, Yelland Jane
Centre for the Study of Mothers' and Children's Health, School of Public Health, La Trobe University, 251 Faraday Street, Carlton, VIC 3053, Australia.
Ethn Health. 2003 Aug;8(3):189-206. doi: 10.1080/1355785032000136416.
To investigate in an Australian study of immigrant women conducted 6-9 months following childbirth (a) the associations of a range of demographic, obstetric, health and social context variables with maternal depression, and (b) women's views of contributing factors in their experiences of depression.
Three hundred and eighteen Vietnamese, Turkish and Filipino women participated in personal interviews conducted by three bicultural interviewers in the language of the women's choice. Utilising three approaches to the assessment of maternal depression, the consistency of associations on the different measures is examined. Women's views of contributing factors are compared with previous research with largely English-speaking Australian-born women.
Analysis of the associations of maternal depression revealed considerable consistency in associations among the three approaches to assessing depression. Significant associations with depression on at least two of the measures were seen for: mothers under 25 years, shorter residence in Australia, speaking little or no English, migrating for marriage, having no relatives in Melbourne, or no friends to confide in, physical health problems, or a baby with feeding problems. There were no consistent associations found with family income or maternal education, method of delivery and a range of other birth events, or women's views about maternity care. The issues most commonly identified by women in this study as contributing to depression are similar to those found previously for Australian-born women: isolation (in this study, including being homesick)--29%; lack of support and marital issues--25%; physical ill-health and exhaustion--23%; family problems--19%, and baby-related issues--17%. There were some differences in the importance of these among the three country-of-birth groups, but all except family issues were in the top four contributing factors mentioned by women in all groups.
These findings support the evidence for quite marked cross-cultural similarity in the associations of maternal depression and in women's views about their experiences.
在一项针对澳大利亚产后6 - 9个月的移民女性的研究中，调查（a）一系列人口统计学、产科、健康和社会背景变量与产后抑郁的关联，以及（b）女性对其抑郁经历中促成因素的看法。
318名越南、土耳其和菲律宾女性参与了由三名双语访谈员以她们选择的语言进行的个人访谈。运用三种评估产后抑郁的方法，检验不同测量方法下关联的一致性。将女性对促成因素的看法与之前针对主要为澳大利亚出生、讲英语的女性的研究进行比较。
对产后抑郁关联的分析显示，三种评估抑郁的方法之间的关联具有相当的一致性。在至少两种测量方法上与抑郁有显著关联的因素有：25岁以下的母亲、在澳大利亚居住时间较短、几乎不会说英语或完全不会说英语、因结婚而移民、在墨尔本没有亲属或没有可以倾诉的朋友、身体健康问题或婴儿有喂养问题。未发现与家庭收入、母亲教育程度、分娩方式及一系列其他分娩事件或女性对孕产护理的看法存在一致的关联。在本研究中，女性最常指出的导致抑郁的问题与之前在澳大利亚出生的女性中发现的问题相似：孤独感（在本研究中包括思乡）——29%；缺乏支持和婚姻问题——25%；身体不适和疲惫——23%；家庭问题——19%，以及与婴儿相关的问题——17%。在这三个出生国家的群体中，这些因素的重要性存在一些差异，但除家庭问题外，所有因素均在所有群体中女性提及的前四大促成因素之列。
这些发现支持了产后抑郁的关联以及女性对其经历的看法存在相当显著的跨文化相似性的证据。
