Re M C, Bon I, Monari P, Gorini R, Schiavone P, Gibellini D, La Placa M
Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Section of Microbiology, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti, 9, 40138, Bologna, Italy.
New Microbiol. 2003 Oct;26(4):405-13.
Since the discovery of 3'-azido-3'deoxthymidine (zidovudine) as an effective antiretroviral agent against human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1), drug therapy has been widely used in the treatment of AIDS. To date, new combination therapies have significantly altered the longterm prognosis for HIV-infected patients showing a reduction of plasma viral load, associated with clinical and immunological recovery. Nevertheless, in various circumstances treatment can fail for several reasons, such as patient noncompliance with the therapeutic regimen, suboptimal antiviral drug concentrations, drug pharmacokinetics, and virus resistance to one or more drugs. Virus drug resistance is the most important factor contributing to the failure of antiretroviral therapy. Since some evidence indicates that viral resistance and treatment failure are closely linked, this brief review explores the routine determination of drug resistance and its importance to shed more light on the meaning of mutations correlated to drug resistance.
自从发现3'-叠氮-3'-脱氧胸苷（齐多夫定）作为一种抗人类免疫缺陷病毒1型（HIV-1）的有效抗逆转录病毒药物以来，药物治疗已广泛用于艾滋病的治疗。迄今为止，新的联合疗法已显著改变了HIV感染患者的长期预后，表现为血浆病毒载量降低，并伴有临床和免疫功能恢复。然而，在各种情况下，治疗可能因多种原因失败，如患者不遵守治疗方案、抗病毒药物浓度不理想、药物药代动力学以及病毒对一种或多种药物产生耐药性。病毒耐药性是导致抗逆转录病毒治疗失败的最重要因素。由于一些证据表明病毒耐药性与治疗失败密切相关，本简要综述探讨了耐药性的常规检测及其重要性，以便更清楚地了解与耐药性相关的突变的意义。
