Kai Kenzo, Komine Ken-ichi, Asai Ken-ichi, Kuroishi Toshinobu, Komine Yumiko, Kozutsumi Tomoyuki, Itagaki Masashi, Ohta Minoru, Endo Yasuo, Kumagai Katsuo
T-Cell Research Institute, Building ICR 6-6-3, Minami-yoshinari Aoba-ku Sendai, 989-3204, Japan.
Am J Vet Res. 2003 Oct;64(10):1213-20. doi: 10.2460/ajvr.2003.64.1213.
To determine the anti-inflammatory effects of glycyrrhizin (GL) in lactating cows with mastitis attributable to naturally occurring infection with coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS).
12 lactating Holstein cows with mastitis attributable to infection with CNS and 2 healthy cows without mastitis.
Clinical signs, number of bacteria in milk, somatic cell count (SCC) in milk, concentrations of alpha-lactalbumin and lactoferrin in milk, and concentration of histamine in milk were investigated before and after intramammary infusion of GL (6 cows) or antimicrobials (6 cows). Glands of 2 healthy cows were infused with staphylococcal enterotoxin; milk leukocytes were then harvested and incubated with various doses of GL.
In cows infected with CNS that had a low bacterial concentration in milk, infusion of GL alone resulted in significant improvements in swelling, firmness of glands, and number of clots in milk, and it decreased the SCC, but not significantly. Percentage of neutrophils decreased significantly (to < 30%) by 2 days after infusion. Use of lactoferrin as a marker of inflammation in mammary glands revealed a decrease in concentrations, whereas use of alpha-lactalbumin as a marker of recovery for mammary glands revealed significant increases in concentrations in the GL-infused group. Accompanying these anti-inflammatory effects, a decrease in the concentration of histamine in milk was observed in the GL-infused group. Glycyrrhizin decreased histamine production by milk leukocytes in a concentration-dependent manner.
Infusion of GL may regulate intramammary inflammation through modulation of inflammatory mediators such as histamine.
确定甘草酸（GL）对因自然感染凝固酶阴性葡萄球菌（CNS）而患乳腺炎的泌乳奶牛的抗炎作用。
12头因感染CNS而患乳腺炎的泌乳荷斯坦奶牛和2头无乳腺炎的健康奶牛。
在乳腺内注入GL（6头奶牛）或抗菌药物（6头奶牛）之前和之后，调查临床症状、牛奶中的细菌数量、牛奶中的体细胞计数（SCC）、牛奶中α-乳白蛋白和乳铁蛋白的浓度以及牛奶中组胺的浓度。向2头健康奶牛的乳腺注入葡萄球菌肠毒素；然后采集牛奶白细胞并用不同剂量的GL进行培养。
在牛奶中细菌浓度较低的感染CNS的奶牛中，单独注入GL可显著改善肿胀、乳腺硬度和牛奶中的凝块数量，并降低SCC，但降低幅度不显著。注入后2天，中性粒细胞百分比显著下降（至<30%）。使用乳铁蛋白作为乳腺炎症的标志物显示浓度降低，而使用α-乳白蛋白作为乳腺恢复的标志物显示注入GL的组中浓度显著增加。伴随着这些抗炎作用，注入GL的组中牛奶中组胺的浓度降低。甘草酸以浓度依赖的方式降低牛奶白细胞产生组胺的量。
注入GL可能通过调节组胺等炎症介质来调节乳腺内炎症。
