Ozeki Toshinaga, Chinzei Tsuneo, Abe Yusuke, Saito Itsuro, Isoyama Takashi, Ono Toshiya, Kouno Akimasa, Ishimaru Mitsuhiko, Mochizuki Shuuichi, Takiura Koki, Baba Atsushi, Toyama Takahiro, Imachi Kou
Artificial Biomechanism, Research Center for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Komaba, Meguro-ku, Tokyo 153-8904, Japan.
J Artif Organs. 2003;6(1):14-9. doi: 10.1007/s100470300002.
A transcutaneous energy transmission (TET) system is the most common way to power artificial hearts and ventricular assist devices. However, an external battery used with a TET system poses several problems, such as its heavy mass, small charge capacity, and long recharging time. The battery is indispensable when patients want to be ambulatory. This article proposes a new type of TET system that does not require an external battery because electrical energy is supplied remotely by using electromagnetic waves. For this system to operate, multiple transmitting antennas have to be mounted in a room or facility that has been shielded from electromagnetic waves, and a receiving antenna is attached to the patient. Electromagnetic waves transmit electrical power from the transmitting antennas to the receiving antenna. The received electrical power is sent to an implanted device through the TET system. The total power efficiency was plotted against the transmitter-receiver distance by measuring the power that was input to the transmitting antennas, and the final direct current (DC) power that was received by the receiving antenna. A 430-MHz frequency was applied in the experiments. The obtained efficiency was around 10% within a transmitter-receiver distance of 1 m when Yagi-Uda antennas were used for the transmitting antennas and two other types of antenna were used for the receiving antennas: a folded dipole with a reflector and a single loop with a reflector. The results suggested that the proposed system is worth considering. The proposed system would go a long way toward enhancing the patient's quality of life compared with the currently used conventional TET system.
经皮能量传输（TET）系统是为人工心脏和心室辅助装置供电的最常见方式。然而，与TET系统配套使用的外部电池存在几个问题，比如质量重、充电容量小以及充电时间长。当患者想要活动时，电池是必不可少的。本文提出了一种新型的TET系统，该系统不需要外部电池，因为电能是通过电磁波远程供应的。为了使该系统运行，必须在一个已屏蔽电磁波的房间或设施中安装多个发射天线，并且在患者身上附着一个接收天线。电磁波将电能从发射天线传输到接收天线。接收到的电能通过TET系统发送到植入装置。通过测量输入到发射天线的功率以及接收天线接收到的最终直流（DC）功率，绘制了总功率效率与发射器 - 接收器距离的关系图。实验中应用了430 MHz的频率。当使用八木 - 宇田天线作为发射天线，以及另外两种类型的天线作为接收天线（一种带反射器的折叠偶极子天线和一种带反射器的单环天线）时，在发射器 - 接收器距离为1 m范围内获得的效率约为10%。结果表明，所提出的系统值得考虑。与目前使用的传统TET系统相比，所提出的系统将在很大程度上提高患者的生活质量。
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