Howard R, Fenwick P, Brown D, Norton R
Department of Psychological Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Int J Psychophysiol. 1992 Dec;13(3):191-7. doi: 10.1016/0167-8760(92)90069-n.
This study used verbal and spatial variants of a cognitive 'match/mismatch' paradigm to explore relationships between functional brain asymmetries and individual differences in cognitive performance, personality and gender. Contingent negative variation (CNV) elicited in the 'match/mismatch' paradigm was recorded from central (Cz, C3 and C4) derivations in two male and one female samples. Results indicated gender differences in both the degree and direction of CNV asymmetries. Males showed a left hemisphere asymmetry in the verbal task and a right hemisphere asymmetry in the spatial task, with significant laterality (C3-C4) differences between tasks across the foreperiod. Females showed a left hemisphere asymmetry in both tasks with laterality differences between tasks confined to the early part of the foreperiod. CNV amplitude in the verbal task correlated with verbal memory performance and verbal I.Q. CNV amplitude in the spatial task correlated with visuospatial memory performance. Social extraversion was associated with greater left-hemisphere asymmetry in both tasks, while behavioural extraversion was associated with left-hemisphere asymmetry in the verbal task only, and with smaller verbal than spatial CNVs.
本研究采用认知“匹配/不匹配”范式的语言和空间变体，以探究大脑功能不对称与认知表现、人格及性别方面个体差异之间的关系。在“匹配/不匹配”范式中诱发的关联性负变（CNV），是从两个男性样本和一个女性样本的中央（Cz、C3和C4）导联记录的。结果表明，CNV不对称性在程度和方向上均存在性别差异。男性在语言任务中表现出左半球不对称，在空间任务中表现出右半球不对称，在前预备期各任务之间存在显著的偏侧性（C3 - C4）差异。女性在两项任务中均表现出左半球不对称，任务间的偏侧性差异仅限于前预备期的早期部分。语言任务中的CNV振幅与语言记忆表现及语言智商相关。空间任务中的CNV振幅与视觉空间记忆表现相关。社交外向性与两项任务中更大的左半球不对称相关，而行为外向性仅与语言任务中的左半球不对称相关，且语言任务中的CNV比空间任务中的更小。
