Ostafin Brian D, Palfai Tibor P, Wechsler Carrie E
Department of Psychology, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
Exp Clin Psychopharmacol. 2003 Nov;11(4):294-301. doi: 10.1037/1064-1297.11.4.294.
Problematic drinking has been proposed to result from an overactivation of approach motivation toward the beneficial effects of alcohol and an underactivation of avoidance motivation away from aversive consequences of heavy alcohol use. The authors of the present study used a sequential priming task (R. H. Fazio, J. R. Jackson, B. C. Dunton, & C. J. Williams, 1995) to examine the extent to which alcohol cues automatically activate approach and avoidance motivational tendencies in college drinkers. Hierarchical regression analyses indicate that number of binge episodes and alcohol problems are correlated with weak associations between alcohol cues and avoidance motivation but not with strong associations between alcohol cues and approach motivation. Implications for understanding the self-regulation of alcohol use in college drinkers are discussed.
有问题的饮酒行为被认为是由于对酒精有益效果的趋近动机过度激活，以及对大量饮酒厌恶后果的回避动机激活不足所致。本研究的作者使用了一个序列启动任务（R. H. 法齐奥、J. R. 杰克逊、B. C. 邓顿和C. J. 威廉姆斯，1995年）来检验酒精线索在多大程度上自动激活了大学生饮酒者的趋近和回避动机倾向。分层回归分析表明，暴饮暴食发作次数和酒精问题与酒精线索和回避动机之间的弱关联相关，但与酒精线索和趋近动机之间的强关联无关。文中讨论了对理解大学生饮酒者酒精使用自我调节的启示。
