Cranendonk R J, Kodde C J, Chipeta D, Zijlstra E E, Sluiters J F
Department of Medical Microbiology, and Infectious Diseases, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, PO Box 2060, NL-3000 CB Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
East Afr Med J. 2003 Aug;80(8):398-401.
To assess the importance of Cryptosporidium parvum and Isospora belli infections as a cause of diarrhoea among patients admitted to the Medical Wards in Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital (QECH) in Blantyre, Malawi.
Prospective case control study.
One hundred and twenty one patients with diarrhoea and 122 patients without diarrhoea.
Demonstration of C. parvum and I. belli oocysts by examination of at least one stool sample per patient using phenol auramine-O-fluorescence staining and an immuno-fluorescent assay with monoclonal antibodies against Cryptosporidium, seropositivity for HIV and AIDS.
In 22% of the patients with diarrhoea an infection with C. parvum or I. belli was found. Thirteen (11%) of them had a C. parvum and 14 (12%) an I. belli infection; a mixed infection was found in one patient. In the control group, three (3%) C. parvum and three (3%) I. belli infections were seen. The prevalence of both infections was very significantly higher in the cohort of diarrhoea patients than in the controls, 13/108 versus 3/119 (p=0.0099) for C. parvum, and 14/107 versus 3/119 (p=0.0056) for I. belli. Infections were only seen in HIV positive patients. Two hundred and four (84%) patients were HIV positive and 145 (60%) of them had AIDS.
C. parvum and I. belli infections are a significant cause of diarrhoea among medical in-patients at QECH. Examinations of stool specimen for parasites among hospitalised patients with diarrhoea provide data for a more appropriate management.
评估微小隐孢子虫和贝氏等孢球虫感染作为马拉维布兰太尔伊丽莎白女王中央医院（QECH）内科病房腹泻病因的重要性。
前瞻性病例对照研究。
121例腹泻患者和122例无腹泻患者。
通过使用苯酚金胺 - O荧光染色和针对隐孢子虫的单克隆抗体免疫荧光测定法对每位患者至少一份粪便样本进行检查，以证明微小隐孢子虫和贝氏等孢球虫卵囊的存在，HIV和艾滋病的血清阳性。
在22%的腹泻患者中发现了微小隐孢子虫或贝氏等孢球虫感染。其中13例（11%）感染了微小隐孢子虫，14例（12%）感染了贝氏等孢球虫；在1例患者中发现了混合感染。在对照组中，发现3例（3%）微小隐孢子虫感染和3例（3%）贝氏等孢球虫感染。腹泻患者队列中这两种感染的患病率均显著高于对照组，微小隐孢子虫为13/108对3/119（p = 0.0099），贝氏等孢球虫为14/107对3/119（p = 0.0056）。感染仅在HIV阳性患者中出现。204例（84%）患者HIV呈阳性，其中145例（60%）患有艾滋病。
微小隐孢子虫和贝氏等孢球虫感染是QECH内科住院患者腹泻的重要病因。对住院腹泻患者的粪便标本进行寄生虫检查可为更恰当的治疗提供数据。
