Janmaat Alida F, Myers Judith
Department of Zoology, University of British Columbia, 6270 University Boulevard, Vancouver, British Columbia, V6T 1Z4, Canada.
Proc Biol Sci. 2003 Nov 7;270(1530):2263-70. doi: 10.1098/rspb.2003.2497.
The microbial insecticide Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) has become the mainstay of non-chemical control of Lepidopteran pests, either as sprays or through the incorporation of Bt toxins into transgenic crops. Given the wide use of Bt, it is striking that currently only one pest species, Plutella xylostella, has been reported to have developed significant resistance to Bt outside the laboratory. By contrast, we report here the frequent and rapid development of resistance to B. thuringiensis kurstaki (Dipel, Abbott) in populations of cabbage loopers, Trichoplusia ni, in commercial greenhouses. Resistance to Bt appears to be costly and there is a rapid decline of resistance in populations collected from greenhouses and maintained in the laboratory without selection. Management of pests resistant to Bt in vegetable greenhouses will require sporadic use of Bt-based sprays or alternatively use of sprays containing other Bt toxins.
微生物杀虫剂苏云金芽孢杆菌（Bt）已成为鳞翅目害虫非化学防治的主要手段，可通过喷雾或将Bt毒素导入转基因作物来实现。鉴于Bt的广泛使用，令人惊讶的是，目前仅报道小菜蛾这一害虫物种在实验室外对Bt产生了显著抗性。相比之下，我们在此报告，在商业温室中，甘蓝夜蛾种群对苏云金芽孢杆菌库尔斯塔克亚种（敌宝，雅培公司生产）频繁且迅速地产生了抗性。对Bt的抗性似乎代价高昂，而且从温室采集并在实验室中无选择条件下饲养的种群中，抗性迅速下降。蔬菜温室中对Bt产生抗性的害虫管理需要偶尔使用基于Bt的喷雾剂，或者改用含有其他Bt毒素的喷雾剂。
