Andrade-Rocha Fernando Tadeu
Semen Research Unit, Homero Soares Ramos Laboratory, Petrópolis, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
J Clin Lab Anal. 2003;17(6):247-58. doi: 10.1002/jcla.10105.
Semen analysis is a basic step in the investigation of several disturbances affecting the male genital tract. Analysis of seminal parameters provides important clinical information on the spermatogenesis and functional competence of spermatozoa, as well as on the secretory pattern of the accessory genital glands. Semen analysis is particularly useful in the evaluation of couples requiring fertility investigation (to detect genital infections and pathologies) and in verifying the influence of environmental factors, drugs, lifestyle, chemical products, and professional activities on several diseases affecting male reproductive health. Measure of semen quality is of substantial interest for diagnoses in clinical urology, andrology, and gynecology. Currently, basic requirements for semen analysis are standardized by World Health Organization (WHO) guidelines that describe several procedures for an objective evaluation of the semen quality with diagnostic purposes. These guidelines include: parameters for the physical and biochemical evaluation of semen; parameters for the analysis of sperm characteristics; and other seminal parameters that can be easily adopted in any laboratory. This report summarizes current concepts on semen analysis and the significance of the seminal parameters for reaching a diagnosis based on the procedures recommended by WHO guidelines.
精液分析是对影响男性生殖道的多种病症进行调查的基本步骤。精液参数分析可提供有关精子发生、精子功能能力以及附属生殖腺分泌模式的重要临床信息。精液分析在评估需要进行生育力调查的夫妇（以检测生殖器感染和病症）以及验证环境因素、药物、生活方式、化学产品和职业活动对影响男性生殖健康的多种疾病的影响方面特别有用。精液质量的检测对于临床泌尿外科、男科和妇科的诊断具有重要意义。目前，精液分析的基本要求由世界卫生组织（WHO）指南进行规范，该指南描述了多种用于以诊断为目的客观评估精液质量的程序。这些指南包括：精液物理和生化评估参数；精子特征分析参数；以及可在任何实验室轻松采用的其他精液参数。本报告总结了关于精液分析的当前概念以及基于WHO指南推荐程序得出诊断时精液参数的重要性。
