Chen J Y
Department of Pediatrics, Chung Shan Medical and Dental College Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Pediatr Infect Dis J. 1992 Dec;11(12):1026-30.
From November, 1989, to October, 1991, 4544 neonates were born at our hospital. Neonatal ocular prophylaxis immediately after birth was used with 1% tetracycline ophthalmic ointment in 1156 neonates, 0.5% erythromycin ophthalmic ointment in 1163 neonates and 1% silver nitrate drops in 1082 neonates. No prophylaxis for neonatal conjunctivitis was given to 1143 neonates. A total of 302 infants (6.7%) developed conjunctivitis during the first 4 weeks of life. Between December, 1991, and January, 1992, 425 neonates were born at our hospital and all were given 0.5% erythromycin ophthalmic ointment twice in the first 24 hours after birth for ocular prophylaxis. Thirty-one (7.3%) infants developed conjunctivitis during the neonatal period. The incidence rates of neonatal chlamydial conjuctivitis in the tetracycline, erythromycin, silver nitrate, no prophylaxis and erythromycin twice groups were 1.3, 1.5, 1.7, 1.6 and 1.4%, respectively. We conclude that neonatal ocular prophylaxis with erythromycin (one or two doses) or tetracycline or silver nitrate does not significantly reduce the incidence of neonatal chlamydial conjunctivitis compared with that in those given no prophylaxis.
1989年11月至1991年10月，我院共出生4544例新生儿。1156例新生儿出生后立即使用1%四环素眼膏进行新生儿眼部预防，1163例新生儿使用0.5%红霉素眼膏，1082例新生儿使用1%硝酸银滴眼液。1143例新生儿未进行新生儿结膜炎预防。共有302例婴儿（6.7%）在出生后4周内发生结膜炎。1991年12月至1992年1月，我院共出生425例新生儿，所有新生儿在出生后24小时内均给予0.5%红霉素眼膏两次进行眼部预防。31例（7.3%）婴儿在新生儿期发生结膜炎。四环素组、红霉素组、硝酸银组、未预防组和红霉素两次给药组的新生儿衣原体结膜炎发病率分别为1.3%、1.5%、1.7%、1.6%和1.4%。我们得出结论，与未进行预防的新生儿相比，使用红霉素（一剂或两剂）、四环素或硝酸银进行新生儿眼部预防并不能显著降低新生儿衣原体结膜炎的发病率。
