Rao Kalluri Subba
ICMR Advanced Center for Research on Aging and Brain, Department of Biochemistry, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, India.
Mol Cell Biochem. 2003 Nov;253(1-2):313-8. doi: 10.1023/a:1026084420943.
It is now well established, in many species, that dietary calorie restriction confers beneficial effects like slowing down many age dependent processes and extending the lifespan. There are indications that this phenomenon may be applicable even in non-human primates and humans. However the precise mechanism through which these effects are achieved is not known. Since decreasing DNA repair has been correlated with increasing age, information available on the effect of dietary calorie restriction on DNA repair potential in different species, including humans, is reviewed with special emphasis on brain in view of its uniqueness and the age related appearance of several neurodegenerative disorders. There is considerable evidence to indicate that calorie restriction reduces the rate of, among other things, the age dependent decrease in DNA repair potential thus leading to a better maintenance of genomic integrity. In brain also dietary calorie restriction is found to improve the activities of some enzymes supposedly involved in DNA repair. It is suggested that one of the lifespan extending mechanisms of calorie restriction may be to channel the limited energy resource available to maintain a process like DNA repair rather than towards reproductive and anabolic activities.
现在已经充分证实，在许多物种中，饮食热量限制具有诸多有益效果，比如减缓许多与年龄相关的进程并延长寿命。有迹象表明，这种现象甚至可能适用于非人类灵长类动物和人类。然而，实现这些效果的确切机制尚不清楚。由于DNA修复能力下降与年龄增长相关，因此本文回顾了饮食热量限制对包括人类在内的不同物种DNA修复潜力的影响，鉴于大脑的独特性以及几种神经退行性疾病与年龄相关的出现情况，本文特别强调了大脑。有大量证据表明，热量限制除了其他方面外，还能降低DNA修复潜力随年龄增长而下降的速率，从而更好地维持基因组完整性。在大脑中，饮食热量限制也被发现能提高一些据推测参与DNA修复的酶的活性。有人提出，热量限制延长寿命的机制之一可能是将有限的能量资源用于维持诸如DNA修复这样的过程，而不是用于生殖和合成代谢活动。
