Popkin Barry M, Nielsen Samara Joy
Carolina Population Center, and Department of Nutrition, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, CB #8120 University Square, 123 W. Franklin Street, Chapel Hill, NC 27516-3997, USA.
Obes Res. 2003 Nov;11(11):1325-32. doi: 10.1038/oby.2003.179.
Using data from many countries in the world combined with in-depth U.S. dietary data, we explored trends in caloric sweetener intake, the role of urbanization and income changes in explaining these trends, and the contribution of specific foods to these changes.
Food disappearance data from 103 countries in 1962 and 127 in 2000 were coupled with urbanization and gross national income per capita data in pooled regression analysis to examine associations between these factors and caloric sweetener intake. Three nationally representative surveys from 1977 to 1978, 1989 to 1991, and 1994 to 1996 plus 1998 are used to examine caloric sweetener intake trends in the United States and the foods responsible for these changes.
Increased consumption of caloric sweetener is one element in the world's dietary changes, represented by a 74-kcal/d increase between 1962 and 2000. Urbanization and income growth represent 82% of the change. U.S. data show an 83-kcal/d increase of caloric sweetener consumed-a 22% increase in the proportion of energy from caloric sweetener. Of this increase, 80% comes from sugared beverages; restaurant and fast food sources are represented in greater proportions.
Caloric sweetener use has increased considerably around the world. Beverage intake seems to be a major contributor.
利用来自世界许多国家的数据并结合美国详细的饮食数据，我们探究了含热量甜味剂摄入量的趋势、城市化和收入变化在解释这些趋势方面所起的作用，以及特定食物对这些变化的贡献。
将1962年103个国家以及2000年127个国家的食物消失数据与城市化和人均国民总收入数据进行汇总回归分析，以检验这些因素与含热量甜味剂摄入量之间的关联。利用1977年至1978年、1989年至1991年、1994年至1996年以及1998年的三项全国代表性调查，来研究美国含热量甜味剂的摄入趋势以及导致这些变化的食物。
含热量甜味剂消费量的增加是全球饮食变化的一个因素，1962年至2000年间日均增加74千卡。城市化和收入增长占这一变化的82%。美国的数据显示，含热量甜味剂的消费量日均增加83千卡，即来自含热量甜味剂的能量比例增加了22%。在这一增长中，80%来自含糖饮料；餐馆和快餐来源所占比例更大。
含热量甜味剂的使用在全球范围内大幅增加。饮料摄入似乎是一个主要促成因素。
