Blake Charles A, Lavoie Holly A, Millette Clarke F
School of Medicine, University of South Carolina, Columbia 29208, USA.
Anat Rec B New Anat. 2003 Dec;275(1):196-206. doi: 10.1002/ar.b.10037.
We describe how the histology course we teach to first-year medical students changed successfully from using glass slides and microscopes to using virtual slides and virtual microscopes. In 1988, we taught a classic medical histology course. Subsequently, students were loaned static labeled images on projection slides to introduce them to their microscope glass slides, and we made laser disks of histological images available in the teaching lab. In 2000, we placed the static labeled images and laboratory manual on the Web. We abandoned the Web-based approach in 2001. Faculty selected specific areas on microscope glass slides in student collections for scanning at a total magnification of 40, 100, 200, or 400. Christopher M. Prince of Petro Image, LLC, scanned the glass slides; digitized, encoded, and compressed (95%) the images; and placed them on CD-ROMs. The scanned images were viewed up to a magnification of 400 using the MrSID viewer (LizardTech software) and the computer as a virtual microscope. This viewer has many useful features, including effective microscope and telescope functions that provide greater versatility for sample study and speed in localizing structures than was possible with the actual microscope. Image detail is indistinguishable from that viewed under the light microscope at equivalent magnifications. Static labeled images were also placed on CD-ROMs to introduce students to the virtual slides. Students could view all the images on their CD-ROMs at any time and in any place with their laptop computers without going online. Students no longer rented light microscopes in 2002. Both students and faculty have shown strong support for using this approach to teaching histology during the past 2 years.
我们描述了我们向一年级医学生教授的组织学课程是如何成功地从使用载玻片和显微镜转变为使用虚拟载玻片和虚拟显微镜的。1988年，我们教授一门经典的医学组织学课程。随后，借给学生投影载玻片上的静态标记图像，以便向他们介绍显微镜载玻片，并且我们在教学实验室提供了组织学图像的激光盘。2000年，我们将静态标记图像和实验室手册放在了网上。2001年，我们放弃了基于网络的方法。教员从学生标本中的显微镜载玻片上选择特定区域进行扫描，总放大倍数为40、100、200或400。Petro Image有限责任公司的克里斯托弗·M·普林斯扫描了载玻片；对图像进行数字化、编码和压缩（95%）；并将它们放在光盘上。使用MrSID查看器（LizardTech软件）和计算机作为虚拟显微镜，可以将扫描的图像放大到400倍进行查看。这个查看器有许多有用的功能，包括有效的显微镜和望远镜功能，与实际显微镜相比，在样本研究和定位结构时提供了更大的通用性和速度。在等效放大倍数下，图像细节与在光学显微镜下观察到的无法区分。静态标记图像也放在光盘上，向学生介绍虚拟载玻片。学生可以在任何时间、任何地点用笔记本电脑查看光盘上的所有图像，无需上网。2002年，学生不再租用光学显微镜。在过去两年里，学生和教员都对使用这种方法教授组织学表示了强烈支持。
