Rafi Aisha, Anwar Muhammad I, Manzoor Shamaila, Anwar Saba
Department of Anatomy, Shifa College of Medicine, Shifa Tameer e Millat University, NCBMS Tower, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Department of Surgery, Unit II, Holy Family Hospital, Rawalpindi Medical University, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.
J Taibah Univ Med Sci. 2023 Jan 17;18(4):886-893. doi: 10.1016/j.jtumed.2023.01.005. eCollection 2023 Aug.
To determine if learning histology by drawing is superior to learning by looking through a microscope only.
Second year MBBS students were divided by simple random sampling into Groups A and B. Each group comprised 50 students. This mixed-methods study was conducted in an 8-week module. For the first 4 weeks, students in Group A learned histology by drawing, whereas Group B learned by seeing the text and microscopic images. For the last 4 weeks, groups were swapped by crossover design. The impact of learning by drawing was assessed by multiple choice question (MCQ) test I and test II at the end of 4 and 8 weeks, respectively. Statistical analyses of the data were conducted with SPSS version 23. The scores obtained in test I and test II were analyzed by the independent samples -test. The paired samples -test was applied to scores obtained by the same subject when they learned with drawing and no drawing strategies. To assess the impact of drawing on learning histology, a focus group study was conducted in six participants selected by purposive sampling. Responses to the semi-structured interview questions were analyzed by qualitative research techniques of coding, categorizing, and generation of themes.
The independent samples -test showed that there was no statistically significant difference in the mean scores obtained by Groups A and B in test I and test II. However, there was a statistically significant difference when the subject learned histology by drawing compared to no drawing, as shown by the paired samples -test. The results from the focus group study revealed that drawing had a positive impact on knowledge retention and understanding the basic concepts of histology for its application in the clinical context.
Drawing-based learning in histology helps with the application of basic knowledge in the clinical context.
确定通过绘图学习组织学是否优于仅通过显微镜观察学习。
通过简单随机抽样将医学学士二年级学生分为A组和B组。每组50名学生。这项混合方法研究在一个为期8周的模块中进行。在前4周，A组学生通过绘图学习组织学，而B组学生通过阅读文本和显微镜图像学习。在最后4周，通过交叉设计将两组进行交换。分别在第4周和第8周结束时通过多项选择题测试I和测试II评估绘图学习的效果。使用SPSS 23版对数据进行统计分析。通过独立样本t检验分析测试I和测试II中获得的分数。当同一受试者采用绘图和非绘图策略学习时，对其获得的分数应用配对样本t检验。为了评估绘图对组织学学习的影响，通过目的抽样选择了六名参与者进行焦点小组研究。通过编码、分类和生成主题的定性研究技术分析对半结构化访谈问题的回答。
独立样本t检验表明，A组和B组在测试I和测试II中获得的平均分数没有统计学上的显著差异。然而，配对样本t检验显示，与不绘图相比，受试者通过绘图学习组织学时存在统计学上的显著差异。焦点小组研究的结果表明，绘图对知识保留以及理解组织学基本概念以便在临床环境中应用具有积极影响。
基于绘图的组织学学习有助于在临床环境中应用基础知识。
