妈妈最懂。

Endevelt Ronit, Blau Ayala, Neville Anat, Shvartzman Pesach, Shvarts Shifra

Maccabi Healthcare Services, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Harefuah. 2003 Nov;142(11):728-33, 808.

BACKGROUND

Nutrition has a critical effect on the infant's brain development during pregnancy and the first 18 months of life. Inappropriate diet can cause infant mortality. Research has shown that medical professionals lack the required knowledge regarding nutrition and that there are no suitable instructional programs on this subject for them.

OBJECTIVES

To examine the knowledge and attitudes of gynecologists, pediatricians and nurses who work in mother and child health clinics of "Maccabi" Healthcare Services in Israel concerning infants' and pregnant women's nutrition and to compare these findings to the public's general knowledge.

METHODS

The study population consisted of gynecologists and pediatricians who work in "Maccabi" Healthcare Services throughout the country and all the nurses at the family healthy clinics. In addition, a sample of mothers attending six different family health clinics was recruited. Four structured questionnaires were created for each group in the study population (gynecologist, pediatricians, nurses and mothers). The questionnaires included questions that evaluated the knowledge and attitudes toward infants' nutrition.

RESULTS

The mothers showed high level of knowledge (67% correctly answered 3 or more of the 4 questions, compared to 51% of nurses, 27% or pediatricians, 38% of gynecologists, p < 0.01). The physicians showed a higher level of knowledge in the questions related to their specialty. When asked about the effect of nutritional instruction on the infants' health, the pediatricians answered correctly at a higher rate than the other study groups (74% of pediatricians answered correctly 3 out of 3 questions, compared to 60% of gynecologists, 47% nurses, p < 0.01). Professionals believe that they can train mothers on nutritional issues.

CONCLUSIONS

Appointing a nutritionist to the mother and child clinics should be considered, as the professional caregivers of pregnant women and infants were found to be lacking in sufficient knowledge in certain aspects of nutrition for these populations.

背景

营养对孕期及婴儿出生后前18个月的大脑发育至关重要。不当饮食会导致婴儿死亡。研究表明，医学专业人员缺乏有关营养的必要知识，且针对他们没有合适的该主题教学项目。

目的

调查在以色列“马卡比”医疗服务机构的母婴健康诊所工作的妇科医生、儿科医生和护士关于婴儿及孕妇营养的知识和态度，并将这些结果与公众的一般知识进行比较。

方法

研究人群包括在全国“马卡比”医疗服务机构工作的妇科医生和儿科医生以及家庭健康诊所的所有护士。此外，还招募了在六个不同家庭健康诊所就诊的母亲样本。为研究人群中的每组（妇科医生、儿科医生、护士和母亲）设计了四份结构化问卷。问卷包括评估对婴儿营养知识和态度的问题。

结果

母亲们表现出较高的知识水平（67%正确回答了4个问题中的3个或更多，相比之下，护士为51%，儿科医生为27%，妇科医生为38%，p<0.01）。医生们在与其专业相关的问题上表现出更高的知识水平。当被问及营养指导对婴儿健康的影响时，儿科医生回答正确的比例高于其他研究组（74%的儿科医生正确回答了3个问题中的3个，相比之下，妇科医生为60%，护士为47%，p<0.01）。专业人员认为他们可以就营养问题培训母亲。