Nilles A, Stoll P
Klinikum der Universität Freiburg, Abteilung Strahlentherapie.
Laryngorhinootologie. 1992 Nov;71(11):561-3. doi: 10.1055/s-2007-997355.
Following radiotherapy of malignant head and neck tumours, tooth damage is observed in many cases, which is frequently referred to as "radiation caries". This is not the immediate result of radiation, but has a number of causes. The damage to the salivary glands caused by radiation leads to xerostomia, which affects the self-cleaning capacity in the mouth. As a result of the very painful mucositis which occurs during the course of radiotherapy as well as the restricted mastication caused by the operation, patients prefer a soft diet, which in turn promotes plaque formation. The acidogenic coating causes erosion of the enamel. If preventive measures are not taken, all of the teeth can be completely destroyed within a short time. All efforts should be made to prevent this from happening, particularly in young patients who have undergone curative radiotherapy. This should include intensive fluoride treatment and meticulous oral hygiene.
恶性头颈部肿瘤放疗后，很多病例会出现牙齿损伤，这常被称为“放射性龋齿”。这并非放疗的直接结果，而是由多种原因导致的。放疗对唾液腺造成损伤，引发口干症，进而影响口腔的自我清洁能力。放疗过程中出现的极为疼痛的黏膜炎以及手术导致的咀嚼受限，使得患者偏好软食，这反过来又促进了牙菌斑的形成。产酸菌膜会导致牙釉质侵蚀。如果不采取预防措施，所有牙齿可能在短时间内被完全破坏。应尽一切努力防止这种情况发生，尤其是对于接受了根治性放疗的年轻患者。这应包括强化氟化物治疗和细致的口腔卫生护理。
