Saraiya Usha B
Cytology Clinic (AMWI), Cama & Albless Hospital, Mumbai, India.
J Obstet Gynaecol Res. 2003 Oct;29(5):351-9. doi: 10.1046/j.1341-8076.2003.00126.x.
The incidence of invasive cervical cancer has decreased in the last 50 years in the developed countries substantially due to the use of routine pap smears. However, in the Asia-Oceanic region it continues to be high as screening programs are not established. Credit for starting cytology services in India goes to Professor P.N. Wahi of Agra. He became Founder President when about 34 cytologists got together in 1970 to form the Indian Academy of Cytologists. Since then cytology has spread through all parts of India. The Cytology Clinic in Cama & Albless Hospital was started in the same year. Since then over 100000 women have been screened. Approximately 1200 cases of pre- and early cancers have been detected and treated. Since 1982 we are aware of the important role of human papillomavirus infection. We diagnose it by cytology and colposcopy and histology. Facilities for polymerase chain reaction, in-situ hybridization and other virology studies are not available to us. CO2 laser treatment is found particularly useful in multicentric human papillomavirus disease.
Since 1984 we have planned for a screening program for our State. We have a population of 78.9 million. Approximately 15 million women in the age group of 35-64 years have to be screened. The health care infrastructure is good with 36 medical colleges and over 35 district hospitals. Screening is planned in phases. Trained personnel are the key to a successful program. In the final analysis, cervical cancer is not just a biomedical disease. It has socio-cultural and economic implications.
在过去50年里，由于常规巴氏涂片检查的应用，发达国家浸润性宫颈癌的发病率大幅下降。然而，在亚太地区，由于尚未建立筛查项目，其发病率仍然很高。印度细胞学服务的开展归功于阿格拉的P.N.瓦希教授。1970年，约34位细胞学家齐聚一堂，成立了印度细胞学家学会，他成为首任会长。从那时起，细胞学在印度各地得到普及。同年，卡马与阿尔布勒斯医院开设了细胞学诊所。自那时起，已有超过10万名女性接受了筛查。大约检测并治疗了1200例癌前病变和早期癌症病例。自1982年起，我们认识到人类乳头瘤病毒感染的重要作用。我们通过细胞学、阴道镜检查和组织学对其进行诊断。我们没有聚合酶链反应、原位杂交及其他病毒学研究的设备。二氧化碳激光治疗在多中心人类乳头瘤病毒疾病中特别有用。
自1984年起，我们就为邦内的筛查项目制定了计划。我们邦有7890万人口。年龄在35至64岁之间的女性约有1500万需要接受筛查。该邦医疗基础设施良好，有36所医学院和35家以上的地区医院。筛查计划分阶段进行。训练有素的人员是项目成功的关键。归根结底，宫颈癌不仅仅是一种生物医学疾病。它还具有社会文化和经济影响。
