Schäfer Torsten, Riehle Angelina, Wichmann H-Erich, Ring Johannes
Department of Social Medicine, Medical University Lübeck, Beckergrube 43-47, D-23552, Lübeck, Germany.
J Psychosom Res. 2003 Dec;55(6):543-6. doi: 10.1016/s0022-3999(03)00015-1.
Little is known on psychosocial characteristics of subjects with allergies who use or do not use alternative medicine (AM). We aimed to assess health-related quality of life (QoL), life satisfaction and health locus of control of adults with allergies and to compare users and nonusers of AM in a population-based setting.
In a population-based nested case control study, computer-assisted telephone interviews were performed in subjects (n=351, age median 46 years, response 76.1%) who had reported allergies (hay fever, asthma, atopic eczema and food hypersensitivity) in a previous survey. Questions on health-related QoL and evaluated instruments measuring life satisfaction ("Questions on Life Satisfaction" (FLZ(M))) and health locus of control ("Fragebogen zur Erhebung von Kontrollüberzeugungen zu Krankheit und Gesundheit" (KKG)) were applied.
A total of 93 subjects (26.6%), who were younger and better educated than the remaining participants (n=257), reported experiences with AM. General and health-related life satisfaction was not statistically different between users (71.5 and 71.6) and nonusers (68.5 and 67.0) of AM. Nonusers scored significantly higher for fatalistic externality (21.6) than users (19.0) of AM (P=.005, adjusted age, gender and school education). The impact on overall health-related QoL was significantly higher for users (11.7) than nonusers (10.3) of AM. This difference was also significant for the domains "physical," "psychological," "friends and family" and "leisure activities" (adjusted P<.001).
Users and nonusers of AM with allergies can be distinguished by psychosocial characteristics such as health locus of control and QoL.
对于使用或不使用替代医学（AM）的过敏患者的心理社会特征，我们知之甚少。我们旨在评估过敏成人的健康相关生活质量（QoL）、生活满意度和健康控制点，并在基于人群的环境中比较AM使用者和非使用者。
在一项基于人群的巢式病例对照研究中，对在之前一项调查中报告有过敏（花粉热、哮喘、特应性皮炎和食物过敏）的受试者（n = 351，年龄中位数46岁，应答率76.1%）进行了计算机辅助电话访谈。应用了有关健康相关QoL的问题，以及评估生活满意度（“生活满意度问题”（FLZ(M)））和健康控制点（“疾病与健康控制信念调查问卷”（KKG））的工具。
共有93名受试者（26.6%）报告有使用AM的经历，他们比其余参与者（n = 257）更年轻且受教育程度更高。AM使用者（71.5和71.6）和非使用者（68.5和67.0）之间在总体和健康相关生活满意度方面无统计学差异。AM非使用者在宿命论外部性方面的得分（21.6）显著高于使用者（19.0）（P = .005，校正年龄、性别和学校教育）。AM使用者（11.7）对总体健康相关QoL的影响显著高于非使用者（10.3）。在“身体”、“心理”、“朋友和家人”以及“休闲活动”领域，这种差异也具有统计学意义（校正P < .001）。
有过敏的AM使用者和非使用者可通过健康控制点和QoL等心理社会特征加以区分。
