Otley Helen, Ingham Rebecca
Falklands Conservation, P.O. Box 26, Stanley, Falkland Islands, UK.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2003 Dec;46(12):1534-9. doi: 10.1016/S0025-326X(03)00314-X.
This survey evaluated the monthly accumulation rate of marine debris and the types of objects washed ashore at Volunteer Beach on East Falkland between October 2001 and March 2002. The mean (+/-SD) accumulation rate of marine debris was 77+/-25 items/km/month, of a mean weight of 17.3+/-12 kg. Forty different objects were collected and the five most frequent items were cotton fabric, string, polystyrene packing sheet, plastic packing tape and broken plastic pieces. The debris on Volunteer Beach was dominated by fishing debris; 42% of the items were discarded fishing equipment, while 39% of the items were of a packaging or associated nature. The mostly likely source of this household waste was fishing vessels, with Falkland Islands Government (FIG) fisheries observers seeing 27 of the 40 items of debris collected from Volunteer Beach being discarded from fishing vessels. It is suggested that, although further marine debris research is warranted, more effective at-sea ship waste disposal regulations are required in Falkland waters to reduce environmental and economic threats both at the local and international level.
本次调查评估了2001年10月至2002年3月期间东福克兰岛志愿者海滩上海洋垃圾的月累积率以及冲上岸的物体类型。海洋垃圾的平均（±标准差）累积率为77±25件/公里/月，平均重量为17.3±12千克。共收集到40种不同的物体，其中最常见的五种物品是棉织物、绳子、聚苯乙烯包装片、塑料包装带和破碎的塑料片。志愿者海滩上的垃圾以渔业垃圾为主；42%的物品是废弃的渔业设备，而39%的物品属于包装或相关性质。这些生活垃圾最可能的来源是渔船，福克兰群岛政府（FIG）的渔业观察员发现，从志愿者海滩收集的40件垃圾中有27件是从渔船上丢弃的。研究表明，尽管有必要进一步开展海洋垃圾研究，但福克兰海域需要更有效的海上船舶废物处理规定，以减少对当地和国际层面的环境和经济威胁。
