Brondolo Elizabeth, Rieppi Ricardo, Erickson Stephanie A, Bagiella Emilia, Shapiro Peter A, McKinley Paula, Sloan Richard P
Department of Psychology, St. John's University, New York, NY, USA.
Psychosom Med. 2003 Nov-Dec;65(6):1003-11. doi: 10.1097/01.psy.0000097329.53585.a1.
This study examined aspects of the transactional model of hostility and health by investigating relationships among hostility, interpersonal interactions, and ambulatory blood pressure in a healthy community sample.
Participants included 65 female and 39 male healthy adults between the ages of 18 and 46 years. Ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) and diary data on mood and social interactions were obtained every 20 minutes for 1 day. Mixed models regression analyses were used to evaluate the relationships among hostility, interpersonal interactions, and ABP.
Trait hostility was positively associated with the frequency and intensity of negative interactions and was negatively associated with the frequency and intensity of positive interactions. Interacting with others was associated with increases in systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP). The magnitude of the increase in blood pressure was positively associated with the degree to which the interaction was perceived as negative. Hostility was not directly associated with ABP/heart rate (HR) or ABP/HR responses during any interactions or negative interactions. However, there was an interaction between hostility and negative interaction intensity for DBP, suggesting that hostility moderates the effects of negative interactions on DBP. Specifically, increases in the intensity of negative interactions were associated with increases in DBP for participants with high, but not low, hostility.
The results provide partial support for the notion that hostility may be associated with risk for cardiovascular disease through its effects on interpersonal interactions and their cardiovascular correlates.
本研究通过调查健康社区样本中敌意、人际互动和动态血压之间的关系，探讨敌意与健康的交易模型的相关方面。
参与者包括65名年龄在18至46岁之间的健康成年女性和39名健康成年男性。连续1天，每20分钟获取一次动态血压（ABP）以及关于情绪和社交互动的日记数据。采用混合模型回归分析来评估敌意、人际互动和ABP之间的关系。
特质敌意与负面互动的频率和强度呈正相关，与正面互动的频率和强度呈负相关。与他人互动会导致收缩压（SBP）和舒张压（DBP）升高。血压升高的幅度与互动被感知为负面的程度呈正相关。在任何互动或负面互动期间，敌意与ABP/心率（HR）或ABP/HR反应均无直接关联。然而，DBP方面存在敌意与负面互动强度之间的交互作用，这表明敌意会调节负面互动对DBP的影响。具体而言，对于高敌意而非低敌意的参与者，负面互动强度的增加与DBP的升高相关。
研究结果为以下观点提供了部分支持，即敌意可能通过其对人际互动及其心血管关联因素的影响，与心血管疾病风险相关。
