Principato Francesco, Romeo Vincenzo Maria
Provincial Health Authority of Reggio Calabria, Via Diana n° 3, 89100 Reggio Calabria, Italy.
Department of Culture and Society, University of Palermo, Viale Delle Scienze, Ed. 15, 90128 Palermo, Italy.
Healthcare (Basel). 2025 Jul 2;13(13):1586. doi: 10.3390/healthcare13131586.
Burnout and anger are prevalent among healthcare professionals in high-stress environments, particularly in addiction services. This study explores the relationship between burnout and anger among 124 operators working in public addiction services (SERD) in Calabria and Sicily. The objective is to assess how different anger dimensions contribute to burnout and identify protective factors that could inform targeted interventions. The sample consisted of 58 men and 66 women, with a mean age of 39.2 years (SD = 9.8), ranging from 25 to 59 years old. Burnout was measured using the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI), assessing emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and personal accomplishment. Anger was evaluated through the State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXI-2), examining trait anger, state anger, anger expression (anger-in, anger-out), and anger control. A cross-sectional design was used, with correlation and regression analyses controlling for gender and years of service. High levels of burnout, particularly emotional exhaustion and depersonalization, were found. Emotional exhaustion correlated strongly with trait anger, indicating that individuals with a chronic predisposition to anger are more vulnerable to burnout. Suppression of anger (anger-in) significantly predicted depersonalization, exacerbating emotional disengagement from patients. Conversely, anger control acted as a protective factor, helping maintain a sense of personal accomplishment. These findings underscore the importance of emotional regulation in mitigating burnout among addiction service workers. Interventions such as emotional regulation training and anger management programs could help reduce psychological distress and promote resilience. Workplace strategies that support emotional well-being may improve both staff retention and patient care quality. Further research should explore longitudinal trends and intervention effectiveness.
职业倦怠和愤怒在高压力环境下的医疗保健专业人员中普遍存在，尤其是在成瘾服务领域。本研究探讨了在卡拉布里亚和西西里岛从事公共成瘾服务（SERD）的124名工作人员中职业倦怠与愤怒之间的关系。目的是评估不同的愤怒维度如何导致职业倦怠，并确定可用于针对性干预措施的保护因素。样本包括58名男性和66名女性，平均年龄为39.2岁（标准差=9.8），年龄范围在25岁至59岁之间。使用马氏职业倦怠量表（MBI）测量职业倦怠，评估情感耗竭、去个性化和个人成就感。通过状态-特质愤怒表达量表-2（STAXI-2）评估愤怒，考察特质愤怒、状态愤怒、愤怒表达（内向愤怒、外向愤怒）和愤怒控制。采用横断面设计，通过相关分析和回归分析控制性别及工作年限。研究发现了高水平的职业倦怠，尤其是情感耗竭和去个性化。情感耗竭与特质愤怒密切相关，表明长期有愤怒倾向的个体更容易出现职业倦怠。抑制愤怒（内向愤怒）显著预测了去个性化，加剧了与患者的情感脱离。相反，愤怒控制起到了保护作用，有助于维持个人成就感。这些发现强调了情绪调节在减轻成瘾服务工作者职业倦怠方面的重要性。诸如情绪调节训练和愤怒管理项目等干预措施可能有助于减轻心理困扰并增强恢复力。支持情绪健康的工作场所策略可能会提高员工留存率和患者护理质量。进一步的研究应探讨纵向趋势和干预效果。
