Reinbold C, Herrbach E, Brault V
INRA, UR BIVV, 28 rue de Herrlisheim, 68021 Colmar Cedex, France.
J Gen Virol. 2003 Dec;84(Pt 12):3473-3484. doi: 10.1099/vir.0.19415-0.
Members of the family Luteoviridae ('luteovirids') rely strictly on aphid vectors for plant-to-plant transmission. This interaction operates according to a persistent and circulative manner, which implies that the virions are being endocytosed and exocytosed across two epithelial barriers (alimentary tract and accessory salivary glands) in the vector's body. In several luteovirid-aphid vector species combinations, the route of virions in the insect has been investigated ultrastructurally by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Here, we used TEM to follow the route of Cucurbit aphid-borne yellows virus (CABYV; genus Polerovirus) in its two efficient vector species, Myzus persicae and Aphis gossypii. We demonstrated that CABYV particles are acquired from the gut lumen to the haemocoel through two different sites in both aphid species, i.e. the posterior midgut (as for Beet western yellows virus in M. persicae) and the hindgut (as for Barley yellow dwarf virus complex in cereal aphids). This 'dual' tissue specificity of CABYV represents an original situation among viruses in the family Luteoviridae examined so far by TEM. A variety of virion-containing structures (e.g. clathrin-coated and tubular vesicles, endosome-like bodies) are found in intestinal cells of both types in both aphids. Release of virus particles from midgut and hindgut cells into the haemolymph was confirmed by immunotrapping using CABYV-specific antibodies. In accessory salivary glands, transport of CABYV virions across the cells was similar in each aphid species, and occurred by a transcytosis mechanism involving formation of tubular and coated vesicles before release of free virions in the salivary canal.
黄症病毒科(“黄症病毒”)成员完全依赖蚜虫载体进行植物间传播。这种相互作用以持久循环的方式进行,这意味着病毒粒子在载体体内穿过两个上皮屏障(消化道和副唾液腺)时会发生内吞和外排。在几种黄症病毒 - 蚜虫载体物种组合中,已通过透射电子显微镜(TEM)从超微结构上研究了病毒粒子在昆虫体内的路径。在这里,我们使用TEM追踪了葫芦科蚜虫传播黄化病毒(CABYV;马铃薯卷叶病毒属)在其两种有效载体物种,即桃蚜和棉蚜中的路径。我们证明,在这两种蚜虫中,CABYV粒子通过两个不同部位从肠腔进入血腔,即后肠(如桃蚜传播的甜菜西方黄化病毒)和后肠(如谷物蚜虫传播的大麦黄矮病毒复合体)。CABYV这种“双重”组织特异性代表了迄今为止通过TEM检查的黄症病毒科病毒中的一种原始情况。在两种蚜虫的两种类型的肠道细胞中都发现了多种含有病毒粒子的结构(例如网格蛋白包被的囊泡和管状囊泡、类内体)。使用CABYV特异性抗体进行免疫捕获证实了病毒粒子从中肠和后肠细胞释放到血淋巴中。在副唾液腺中,CABYV病毒粒子在每种蚜虫物种中的跨细胞运输相似,并且通过一种转胞吞机制发生,该机制涉及在唾液管中释放游离病毒粒子之前形成管状和包被囊泡。