Podratz Jewel L, Rodriguez Esther H, Windebank Anthony J
Molecular Neuroscience Program, Mayo Graduate School and Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
Glia. 2004 Jan 1;45(1):54-8. doi: 10.1002/glia.10302.
We have demonstrated that myelination of dorsal root ganglion (DRG) axons occurs in a fully defined, serum-free medium (B27). This implies that there may be components in B27 medium that support myelination. To determine which of the components in B27 were essential for myelination, we systematically removed components from B27 until myelination was lost. We added these components to a fully defined minimal medium (N2) that supports neuron survival but not myelination. When antioxidants were removed from B27, myelination was lost. However, the individual antioxidants did not induce myelination when added to N2 medium. Addition of ascorbic acid along with the B27 antioxidants was sufficient to induce myelination in N2 medium, which was enhanced by retinyl acetate. Removal of vitamin E from B27 caused a partial loss of myelination, and addition of vitamin E to N2 medium containing ascorbic acid induced partial myelination. Addition of serum to the B27 myelinating medium inhibited myelination completely. These results indicate that antioxidants are important for myelination, in vitro. Vitamin E may play an important role. Use of a serum-free medium may be beneficial for in vitro myelination studies because serum has unknown inhibitory effects.
我们已经证明，背根神经节（DRG）轴突的髓鞘形成发生在一种完全确定的无血清培养基（B27）中。这意味着B27培养基中可能存在支持髓鞘形成的成分。为了确定B27中的哪些成分对髓鞘形成至关重要，我们系统地从B27中去除成分，直到髓鞘形成消失。我们将这些成分添加到一种完全确定的基础培养基（N2）中，该培养基支持神经元存活但不支持髓鞘形成。当从B27中去除抗氧化剂时，髓鞘形成消失。然而，将单个抗氧化剂添加到N2培养基中时，并不会诱导髓鞘形成。将抗坏血酸与B27抗氧化剂一起添加足以在N2培养基中诱导髓鞘形成，而视黄酸可增强这种诱导作用。从B27中去除维生素E会导致部分髓鞘形成丧失，而将维生素E添加到含有抗坏血酸的N2培养基中会诱导部分髓鞘形成。向B27髓鞘形成培养基中添加血清会完全抑制髓鞘形成。这些结果表明，抗氧化剂在体外对髓鞘形成很重要。维生素E可能起重要作用。使用无血清培养基可能有利于体外髓鞘形成研究，因为血清具有未知的抑制作用。
