Ezure Kazuhisa
Department of Neurobiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute for Neuroscience, Tokyo 183-8526, Japan.
Prog Brain Res. 2004;143:67-74. doi: 10.1016/S0079-6123(03)43007-0.
Knowledge about neuronal mechanisms that control respiration is being advanced rapidly by studies that make use of both mature in vivo animals and in vitro neonates. The available data suggest that particular types of neurons within selected networks of the ventrolateral medulla are essential for respiratory rhythm generation. There are many uncertainties, however, about the correspondence between neurons identified by the above two approaches, because there are virtually no studies that have combined them. In this chapter, I propose a hypothesis that shows how neonatal respiratory neurons, with either retained or modified intrinsic cellular properties, develop into mature, well-characterized respiratory neurons located in medullary areas called the Bötzinger and pre-Bötzinger complex. Currently, the most plausible models of respiratory rhythmogenesis are hybrid ones that include both intrinsic cellular and network properties.
利用成熟的体内动物和体外新生动物进行的研究，正在迅速推进对控制呼吸的神经元机制的认识。现有数据表明，腹外侧髓质特定网络内的特定类型神经元对于呼吸节律的产生至关重要。然而，关于上述两种方法所鉴定的神经元之间的对应关系存在许多不确定性，因为几乎没有将它们结合起来的研究。在本章中，我提出一个假说，展示具有保留或改变的内在细胞特性的新生呼吸神经元如何发育成位于称为包钦格复合体和前包钦格复合体的髓质区域的成熟、特征明确的呼吸神经元。目前，最合理的呼吸节律发生模型是包括内在细胞特性和网络特性的混合模型。
