Contrast-enhanced MRA and 3D visualization of pulmonary venous anatomy to assist radiofrequency catheter ablation.

In pulmonary vein isolation as a treatment for atrial fibrillation the proximal part of the pulmonary veins is catheterized. A protocol for preinterventional assessment of pulmonary vein anatomy was developed, based on contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) in combination with three-dimensional visualization to tailor periprocedural angiography. The results allow for assessment of the number, morphology, and location of the ostia of the pulmonary veins, as well as complicating anatomical variations, such as common trunks and aberrant courses.