[The mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer: the role of bacteriophages and integrons in the evolution of pathogenic bacteria].

The role of bacteriophages, e.g. filamentous phages, whose single-stranded DNA comprise the coding virulence factors, as well as of certain suspected bacteriophage derivatives like constin-elements, integrons and chromosomal super-integron, played by them in the horizontal gene transfer and in the evolution of bacteria is under discussion.