Sauvage L R, Myklebust B M, Crow-Pan J, Novak S, Millington P, Hoffman M D, Hartz A J, Rudman D
Medicine Service, Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Milwaukee, WI 53295.
Am J Phys Med Rehabil. 1992 Dec;71(6):333-42. doi: 10.1097/00002060-199212000-00005.
The purpose of this study was to determine whether a moderate to high intensity strengthening and aerobic exercise program can improve the strength, exercise capacity, gait and balance of deconditioned male nursing home residents. Ambulatory subjects who scored 30 or less on the modified Tinetti gait and balance assessment scale, who demonstrated less than 80% of age-matched lower extremity strength on isokinetic muscle testing and who gave informed consent were enrolled. Subjects were randomized to either an exercise (n = 8) or a control (n = 6) group. All participants underwent an exercise test to determine maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) and received quantitative gait and balance measurements. The subjects assigned to the exercise group than completed a 12-wk program of weight training for the lower extremities and stationary cycling. Both the exercise and control groups were then retested. Ten outcome variables were assessed: Tinetti mobility scores, VO2max, isokinetic-tested lower extremity strength and endurance, stride length, gait velocity, stance time, gait duration, cadence and balance. The exercise group, after completion of the program, demonstrated significant improvements in Tinetti mobility scores (P < 0.05), combined right and left quadricep muscle strength (P < 0.01), right and left lower extremity muscular endurance (P < 0.01), left stride length and gait velocity (P < 0.05), although other outcome variables changed insignificantly. The control group revealed no changes of significance with the exception of improvement of the combined right and left hamstring muscle strength (P < 0.05). Nevertheless, for those outcome variables that had improved significantly in the exercise group, the changes amounted to only a 5 to 10% increase over the baseline measurements. These findings showed that an appropriately designed high intensity exercise program can result in significant although limited improvements for clinical mobility scores, strength, muscular endurance and certain gait parameters.
本研究的目的是确定中高强度的强化训练和有氧运动计划能否改善身体机能衰退的男性养老院居民的力量、运动能力、步态和平衡能力。纳入的受试者为非卧床老人，他们在改良的Tinetti步态和平衡评估量表上得分30分及以下，在等速肌力测试中表现出的下肢力量低于年龄匹配值的80%，且已签署知情同意书。受试者被随机分为运动组（n = 8）或对照组（n = 6）。所有参与者都接受了运动测试以确定最大摄氧量（VO2max），并接受了定量的步态和平衡测量。分配到运动组的受试者随后完成了为期12周的下肢重量训练和固定自行车运动计划。然后对运动组和对照组都进行了重新测试。评估了十个结果变量：Tinetti运动评分、VO2max、等速测试的下肢力量和耐力、步长、步态速度、站立时间、步态持续时间、步频和平衡。运动组在完成该计划后，Tinetti运动评分（P < 0.05）、左右股四头肌综合力量（P < 0.01）、左右下肢肌肉耐力（P < 0.01）、左步长和步态速度（P < 0.05）有显著改善，尽管其他结果变量变化不显著。对照组除了左右腘绳肌综合力量有所改善（P < 0.05）外，没有显著变化。然而，对于运动组中显著改善的那些结果变量，与基线测量相比，变化幅度仅增加了5%至10%。这些结果表明，一个设计合理的高强度运动计划可以使临床运动评分、力量、肌肉耐力和某些步态参数得到显著但有限的改善。
