Hanna J N, Wild B E, Sly P D
Western Australian Research Institute for Child Health, Perth.
J Paediatr Child Health. 1992 Dec;28(6):459-64. doi: 10.1111/j.1440-1754.1992.tb02718.x.
A comprehensive case definition was used to study all cases of epiglottitis that occurred in children under 15 years of age in Western Australia during a 5 year period. There was microbiological evidence of Haemophilus influenzae type b infection in 71% of 103 cases of epiglottitis. Seventy-five per cent of cases occurred in children under 5 years of age. In this age group, the estimated annual incidence (13.5 episodes per 100,000) was significantly lower than that reported in Victoria (22.7 per 100,000). The case definition of invasive H. influenzae type b disease used for surveillance purposes in Canada was more sensitive than the definitions used in the United States or England and Wales, yet even the Canadian definition could have detected only 65% of the cases of epiglottitis that occurred in Western Australia. A simple and sensitive surveillance system which could be used to monitor the impact of H. influenzae type b immunization in Western Australia is proposed.
采用综合病例定义研究了西澳大利亚州5年间15岁以下儿童发生的所有会厌炎病例。在103例会厌炎病例中，71%有b型流感嗜血杆菌感染的微生物学证据。75%的病例发生在5岁以下儿童中。在这个年龄组中，估计年发病率（每10万人中有13.5例）显著低于维多利亚州报告的发病率（每10万人中有22.7例）。加拿大用于监测目的的侵袭性b型流感嗜血杆菌病病例定义比美国、英格兰和威尔士使用的定义更敏感，但即便加拿大的定义也只能检测出西澳大利亚州发生的65%的会厌炎病例。本文提出了一个简单且敏感的监测系统，可用于监测西澳大利亚州b型流感嗜血杆菌免疫接种的影响。
