Claesson B, Trollfors B, Ekström-Jodal B, Jeppsson P H, Lagergård T, Nylén O, Rignér P
Pediatr Infect Dis. 1984 Nov-Dec;3(6):534-8. doi: 10.1097/00006454-198411000-00011.
Acute epiglottitis, which is almost exclusively caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b, was studied retrospectively in children 0 to 15 years old in a defined region of southwest Sweden from 1971 through 1980; 211 patients with clinically well-documented acute epiglottitis were found. The age-specific incidence was 14/100,000/year, which was higher than the incidence of H. influenzae meningitis. The median age was 4 years. Because 96% of the patients were older than 18 months, disease in those patients could theoretically have been prevented by the purified H. influenzae polysaccharide vaccine. Only a few patients had underlying diseases. In 186 patients an artificial airway was established. Even though all patients survived without sequelae, the large incidence of the disease emphasizes the importance of H. influenzae in older children.
1971年至1980年期间，对瑞典西南部一个特定地区0至15岁的儿童进行了回顾性研究，这些儿童几乎全部由b型流感嗜血杆菌引起急性会厌炎；共发现211例临床记录完善的急性会厌炎患者。年龄特异性发病率为每年14/10万，高于流感嗜血杆菌脑膜炎的发病率。中位年龄为4岁。由于96%的患者年龄超过18个月，理论上这些患者的疾病可以通过纯化的流感嗜血杆菌多糖疫苗预防。只有少数患者有基础疾病。186例患者建立了人工气道。尽管所有患者均存活且无后遗症，但该疾病的高发病率强调了流感嗜血杆菌在大龄儿童中的重要性。
