Wiesner Margit
Center for the Advancement of Youth Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-1200, USA.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2003 Nov;112(4):633-45. doi: 10.1037/0021-843X.112.4.633.
In this longitudinal study, reciprocal relations between depressive symptoms and delinquent behavior were examined for a sample of 1,218 male and female adolescents (mean age, 15.51 years at Time 1). Associations were examined within a latent variable approach, controlling for indicator-specific tendencies, students' age and parental education, time-specific 3rd-variable influences, level of prior problem behavior, and measurement error. Findings thus provided relatively unbiased estimates of existing plausible causal relations. Analyses revealed a relatively small unidirectional effect of delinquency on depression for boys (at 1 of 3 time points), and bidirectional effects of comparable size for girls. The circular process for the girls was explained drawing on gender socialization theory and theories of offending behavior. Implications for preventive interventions are also discussed.
在这项纵向研究中，对1218名青少年（男女皆有，在时间1时的平均年龄为15.51岁）的样本，研究了抑郁症状与犯罪行为之间的相互关系。采用潜在变量方法检验了两者之间的关联，同时控制了特定指标倾向、学生年龄和父母教育程度、特定时间的第三变量影响、先前问题行为水平以及测量误差。因此，研究结果提供了对现有合理因果关系的相对无偏估计。分析表明，男孩中犯罪行为对抑郁有相对较小的单向影响（在三个时间点中的一个时间点出现），而女孩中存在规模相当的双向影响。利用性别社会化理论和犯罪行为理论解释了女孩的循环过程。还讨论了对预防干预措施的启示。
