Schepker Renate, Toker Mehmet, Eberding Angela
Westfälisches Institut für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie, Psychotherapie und Heilpädagogik Hamm, Heithofer Allee 64, 59071 Hamm.
Prax Kinderpsychol Kinderpsychiatr. 2003 Nov;52(9):689-706.
Semi-structured bilingual interviews were conducted with 223 adolescents from Turkey and their parents in 77 volunteering immigrant families (field group) and in 40 outpatient families attending the adolescent service (CAP treatment group). Risks and resources for mental health were assessed in a qualitative approach based on contextual family theory, cohesion and adaptability according to Olson's Clinical Rating Scale. While adolescent psychiatric morbidity in the field group equalled an expected rate of 24%, families with psychologically healthy offspring significantly excelled in parental and child resources. Yet, resources did not separate symptomatic and non-symptomatic families (referring to child symptoms) as well as risks did. A parent without work constituted a risk factor of its own. Differentiating CRS from 3 to 4 steps of adequacy for child health (introducing a range of high cohesion or high rigidity alone as another step between normal and dysfunctional) led to classify 80% of non-symptomatic families as functional. Following our results, a resource oriented family therapy seems to be the most promising therapeutic approach. Social case management should be provided for at the same time.
我们对来自土耳其的223名青少年及其父母进行了半结构化双语访谈，这些青少年来自77个志愿移民家庭（实地组）以及40个前来青少年服务门诊就诊的家庭（儿童与青少年心理治疗组）。我们基于情境家庭理论，采用奥尔森临床评定量表评估家庭凝聚力和适应性，以定性的方法评估心理健康的风险和资源。实地组青少年的精神疾病发病率与预期的24%相当，然而，后代心理健康的家庭在父母和孩子所拥有的资源方面表现显著优异。但是，资源并不能像风险那样将有症状和无症状的家庭（指儿童症状）区分开来。没有工作的父母本身就是一个风险因素。将儿童健康资源充足性的临床评定量表从3步细化为4步（单独引入一系列高凝聚力或高僵化程度作为正常与功能失调之间的另一个步骤）后，80%无症状家庭被归类为功能良好。根据我们的研究结果，以资源为导向的家庭治疗似乎是最有前景的治疗方法。同时，应提供社会个案管理。
