Marks Robin
University of Melbourne, Department of Medicine (Dermatology), St Vincent's Hospital, 3065 Melbourne, Victoria.
J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol. 2004 Jan;18(1):44-7. doi: 10.1111/j.1468-3083.2004.00802.x.
Melanoma incidence and mortality rates are rising in many countries. This has led to the development of a variety of education programs designed for either early detection of melanoma when it can be easily cured, or prevention by taking a long term approach. Australia has been leading in these areas running programs such as Slip! Slop! Slap! for over 20 years. Data now show that attitudes towards sunlight and suntans have changed substantially. Sunburn rates have decreased as photoprotection has increased. Melanoma mortality rates are decreasing in the younger cohorts as a result of earlier detection of tumours that can be easily cured. Finally, incidence rates for melanoma in the younger cohorts are starting to level out and go down. Thus health education programs can be successful if they are well-designed and evaluated. In Australia we are now extending these programs beyond melanoma and into education programs on other common skin diseases such as acne, atopic dermatitis, warts, tinea, and a variety of other common conditions, depending on the level at which the education program is being delivered. This is the first time that coordinated public education programs on skin diseases, apart from skin cancer, have occurred anywhere in the world.
在许多国家，黑色素瘤的发病率和死亡率都在上升。这促使人们开展了各种教育项目，旨在实现黑色素瘤的早期发现（此时它很容易治愈），或者采取长期策略进行预防。澳大利亚在这些领域一直处于领先地位，开展了诸如“穿上！抹上！戴上！”等项目长达20多年。现在的数据表明，人们对阳光和晒黑的态度已经发生了很大变化。随着防晒措施的增加，晒伤率有所下降。由于能够早期发现易于治愈的肿瘤，年轻人群体中的黑色素瘤死亡率正在下降。最后，年轻人群体中黑色素瘤的发病率开始趋于平稳并有所下降。因此，如果健康教育项目设计良好且经过评估，它们是可以取得成功的。在澳大利亚，我们现在正在将这些项目从黑色素瘤扩展到其他常见皮肤病的教育项目，如痤疮、特应性皮炎、疣、癣以及其他各种常见病症，具体取决于教育项目的开展层面。这是世界上首次在除皮肤癌之外的其他皮肤病领域开展协调一致的公共教育项目。
